Phys.Sci, 

TNli90         Boalich,   E. 

M3 

1918     Manganese  and  chromium. 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU 

FERRY  BUILDING,  SAN  FRANCISCO 
FLETCHER  HAMILTON  State  Mineralogist 

San  Francisco]  PRELIMINARY  REPORT  No.  3  [March,  1918 


Manganese  and  Chromium 


[SECOND  EDITION] 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  PRINTING  OFFICE 

SACRAMENTO 

1918 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU 

FERRY  BUILDING,  SAN  FRANCISCO 
FLETCHER  HAMILTON  State  Mineralogist 

San  Francisco]  PRELIMINARY  REPORT  No.  3  [March,  1918 


Manganese  and  Chromium 


[SECOND  EDITION] 


Bv  E.  S.  BOALICH 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  PRINTING  OFFICE 

SACRAMENTO 

1918 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


LETTER   OP  TRANSMITTAL  TJ._11, 

irAOE 

FCRST    EDITION     __________________  ,  __________________________________  5 


SECOND    EDITION 


CHAPTER  I.      MANGANESE. 

ORES  ________________________________________  .,  _______________________  7 

OCCURRENCE  _________________________________________________________  8 

USES  _________________________________________  ,  ______________________  8 

PRICES    ___________________________________________  „  _________________  9 

FREIGHT   RATES   ___  ,  _________________________________________________  9 

OWNERS  AND  OPERATORS  IN  CALIFORNIA  ________________________________  12 

CONCENTRATION    __________________________  .,  __________________________  12 

CONSUMERS  _______________________________  ,  __________________________  12 

Letters  from  __________________________________________________  13 

U.  S.  GEOLOGICAL,  SURVEY  LIST  OF  PURCHASERS  _________________________  20 

CHAPTER  II.      CHROMIUM. 

ORES   ________________________________________________________________  23 

OCCURRENCE   ________________________________________________________  23 

USES    _______________________________________________________________  23 

PRICES  _______________________________________  .  ----------------------  23 

FREIGHT   RATES    _________________________  ,  ---------------------------  24 

OWNERS  AND  OPERATORS  IN  CALIFORNIA  --------  :  -----------------------  24 

CONCENTRATION   ____________  ,  _________________________________________  29 

BUYERS   AND  CONSUMERS  _____________________________________________  36 

Letters  from  __________________________________________________  37 

APPENDIX. 

LIST  OF  PUBLICATIONS  OF  STATE  MINING  BUREAU  ----------------------  41 

DETERMINATION  OF  MINERAL  SAMPLES  ____________________________  .  -----  44 

ILLUSTRATIONS. 

MILL  OF  PLACER  CHROME  CONCENTRATING  COMPANY,  RATTLESNAKE  BAH, 

EL  DORADO  COUNTY  _______________________________________________  30 

FLOW   SHEET  ;   CASTRO  MILL  ;   CALIFORNIA  CHROME  COMPANY,   SAN  Luis 

OBISPO,    CAL.    _     ___  ,.  ___                                                                        _______  __  32 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 

[Second  Edition.] 

April  1,  1918. 

To  His  Excellency,  the  HONORABLE  WILLIAM  D.  STEPHENS, 
Governor  of  California. 

SIK  :  The  demand  for  manganese  and  chromium  ores  has  constantly 
increased  during  the  past  few  months,  and  as  a  result  of  the  interest 
taken  in  this  subject  and  the  large  number  of  inquiries  which  the 
Bureau  has  received  for  information  in  this  regard,  this  revised  edition 
of  Preliminary  Report  No.  3  has  been  prepared.  The  original  report, 
transmitted  under  date  of  October  15,  1917,  is  now  entirely  out  of  print. 
Respectfully  submitted. 

FLETCHER  HAMILTON, 
State  Mineralogist. 


LETTER  OF  TRANSMITTAL. 

[First  Edition.] 

October  15,  1917. 

To  His  Excellency,  the  HONORABLE  WILLIAM  D.  STEPHENS, 
Governor  of  California. 

SIR:  As  a  result  of  present  transportation  conditions  a  serious 
shortage  exists  in  the  supply  of  many  mineral  substances  which  were 
formerly  imported,  and  wrhich  are  vitally  important  in  the  manufacture 
of  munitions  and  in  other  industries.  The  necessity  of  taking  a  careful 
inventory  of  the  nation's  resources  is  rapidly  dawning  on  the  mining 
public.  Facts  relative  to  the  location  of  ore  deposits,  difficulties  which 
must  be  overcome  to  make  them  available  for  use,  and  methods  to 
be  employed,  if  their  immediate  development  is  demanded,  must  be 
correlated. 

With  the  idea  in  view  of  rendering  all  possible  assistance  in  the 
development  of  this  particular  branch  of  the  mining  industry,  the 
California  State  Mining  Bureau  took  up  a  thorough  investigation  of 
manganese  and  chromium  deposits  in  the  state  soon  after  the  declara- 
tion of  war  with  Germany.  The  field  work  has  been  practically  com- 
pleted, and  a  detailed  report  will  be  made  available  for  distribution  at 
the  earliest  possible  moment.  While  such  report  is  in  course  of  prep- 
aration, it  has  been  deemed  advisable  to  place  in  form  for  immediate 
reference  the  following  data,  which,  it  is  hoped,  will  be  of  material 
assistance  to  all  parties  interested  in  this  branch  of  the  mining  industry. 
This  information  will  be  of  direct  benefit  to  the  United  States  Govern- 
ment, at  this  time  of  national  stress. 
Respectfully  submitted. 

FLETCHER  HAMILTON, 
State  Mineralogist. 


CHAPTER  I. 
MANGANESE. 

Ores. 

The  most  common  ores  of  manganese  are  the  oxides,  the  carbonates 
and  the  silicates.  There  are  also  sulphides  and  phosphates. 

Of  the  oxides,  psilomelane  and  pyrolusite  are  the  most  important. 

Psilomelane  (Mn02  with  MnO,  BaO,  K,0  and  H2O).  Essentially 
manganese  dioxide.  Color  black  or  greenish  black.  Streak  reddish  or 
brownish  black,  and  shining.  Hardness  5  to  6.  Gravity  4.4.  Con- 
choidal  fracture.  Occurs  massive,  often  associated  with  pyrolusite 
and  limonite. 

A  small  portion  colors  the  borax  bead  deep  amethyst  when  hot,  and 
reddish  brown  when  cold.  Gives  much  water  when  heated  in  the  closed 
tube.  When  dissolved  in  hydrochloric  acid  (HC1)  it  gives  a  white 
precipitate  of  barium  sulphate  upon  the  addition  of  sulphuric  acid 
(H2S04). 

It  is  a  common  manganese  mineral,  and  one  of  the  chief  ores  in  the 
state.  Its  characteristic  occurrence  is  in  seams  and  irregular  masses  in 
jasper. 

Pyrolusite  (Mn02)  manganese  dioxide.  Manganese  63.2%.  Oxygen 
36.8%.  Crystallizes  in  the  orthorhombric  system.  Generally  found 
fibrous  and  radiated  or  divergent.  Sometimes  small  modified  prisms. 
Often  massive,  in  coatings,  or  as  a  powder.  Color,  iron  black.  Streak 
black.  Submetallic  luster.  Hardness  2  to  2.5.  Gravity  4.8.  Splin- 
tery fracture. 

Colors  the  borax  bead  the  same  as  psilomelane.  Gives  oxygen  gas 
when  heated  in  the  closed  tube,  and  very  little  or  no  water. 

Its  softness  is  a  guide  to  its  detection. 

Manganite  (Mn203  H2O)  hydrus  oxide  of  manganese.  Color,  iron 
black.  Dark  reddish  brown  streak.  Metallic  luster.  Hardness  4. 
Gravity  4.3  Cleavage  perfect  pinacoidal.  Crystallizes  as  long  prisms. 
Structure  generally  columnar.  Deposits  generally  consist  of  black 
porus  ore  in  masses  or  lenses  in  jasper,  in  metamorphic  rocks.  Gives 
water  when  heated  in  the  closed  tube.  The  prismatic  crystallization 
and  the  dark  brown  streak  are  characteristic. 

Braunite  (Mn,03  MnSi03)  Silico  oxide  of  manganese.  Contains  69% 
manganese  when  pure.  Color,  black.  Streak  brownish  black.  Sub- 
metallic  luster.  Hardness  6.5.  Gravity  4.7. 

Occurs  as  small  pyramids  and  also  massive. 

Siliceous  manganese  ores  are  very  common  in  California,  and  it  is 
probable  that  this  one  exists  in  many  localities,  but  has  never  been 
reported. 


8  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Finely  pulverized  braunite  is  slowly  dissolved  by  hydrochloric  acid 
(HC1),  and  the  solution  yields  gelatinous  silica  upon  evaporation. 
Does  not  give  oxygen  or  water  when  heated  in  the  closed  tube. 

Wad  is  an  impure,  soft  black  oxide  often  found  with  psilomelane. 
It  occurs  as  earthy  masses  or  as  coatings.  Color  and  streak  black,  or 
brownish  black.  Dull  earthy  luster.  Very  soft,  hardness  1.6.  Gravity 
3.4.  Soils  the  fingers.  Proportion  of  manganese  dioxide  (MnO,) 
varies  from  30%  to  70%. 

Rhadochrosite  (MnC03)  manganese  carbonate.  MnO  61.4%.  CO-> 
38.6%.  Color,  rose  red.  Luster  vitreous  to  pearly.  Hardness  3.5^4.5. 
Gravity  3.5.  Cleavage  perfect  rhombohedral.  Occurs  in  small  crystals 
or  massive.  Generally  contains  small  amounts  or  iron,  calcium,  or 
magnesium.  Often  found  in  gold  and  silver  regions  associated  with 
the  veins. 

When  treated  with  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  it  effervesces,  or  gives  off 
carbon  dioxide  gas  (CO2),  and  the  solution  does  not  yield  a  jelly-like 
residue  of  silica  upon  evaporation. 

Rhodonite  (Mn  SiOJ  manganese  silicate.  Color,  rose  red,  flesh  red 
or  brownish.  Vitreous  luster.  Perfect  prismatic  cleavage.  Hardness 
5.5-6.5.  Gravity  3.5.  Generally  occurs  massive.  Often  present  in 
copper  and  silver  veins,  associated  with  pyrolusite  and  psilomelane. 

Fuses  under  the  blowpipe  to  a  black  glass. 

Occurrence. 

According  to  Harder,1  the  characteristic  occurrence  of  manganese  in 
California  is  in  the  form  of  porus  black  oxide,  associated  as  layers  and 
pockets  with  the  jasper  lenses  of  the  Franciscan  formation  of  the  Coast 
Ranges.  Smaller  deposits  are  found  in  the  Sierra  Nevadas,  in  veins 
in  the  Calaveras  formation,  as  fragments  disseminated  in  auriferous 
gravels,  or  in  deposits  associated  with  igneous  rocks. 

Recent  investigations  made  by  field  assistants  of  this  bureau  have 
fully  corroborated  the  above  opinion,  although  in  addition  to  the 
examples  cited  some  important  deposits  of  this  mineral  have  been  found 
to  occur,  in  Inyo  and  San  Bernardino  counties,  as  replacements  in 
limestone  or  along  contacts  between  limestone  and  granite.  The  deeper 
workings  of  the  Ladd  and  Merchant  mines  in  San  Joaquin  and  Alameda 
counties  are  yielding  the  gray  carbonate  of  manganese,  rhodochrosite, 
as  a  commercial  ore. 

Uses. 

A  large  proportion  of  manganese  consumed  in  the  United  States 
has  always  gone  into  the  manufacture  of  ferro-manganese,  which  is 


JHarder,   E.    C.,  U.    S.   Geol.    Sur.,   Bull.    427  ;    "Manganese  Deposits   of   the   United 
States." 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  9 

employed  in  the  steel  industry.  This  use  is  of  course  more  important 
at  the  present  time  than  ever  before,  as  the  steel  alloy  containing  man- 
ganese is  particularly  important  in  the  manufacture  of  armor  plate,  as 
well  as  munitions  and  other  war  supplies. 

This  material  is  also  in  demand  in  much  lesser  degree  by  manufac- 
turers of  glass,  electric  dry  batteries,  paints,  pottery,  tile  and  brick. 
These  chemical  uses  require,  as  a  rule,  a  much  higher  grade  of  ore  than 
does  the  steel  industry.  The  ores  best  adapted  for  use  in  the  steel 
industry  should  contain  more  than  40%  manganese,  and  with  the 
exception  of  phosphorus  and  silica,  no  other  elements  that  are  commonly 
present  interfere  with  the  use  of  the  ore  for  this  purpose.  It  is  usually 
specified  that  ore  containing  more  than  8%  silica  and  two-tenths  of 
1%  phosphorus,  is  not  satisfactory.  In  the  manufacture  of  dry  bat- 
teries the  usual  specifications  are  that  the  ore  must  contain  at  least 
80%  manganese  dioxide,  less  than  \%  iron,  and  less  than  5%  copper, 
nickel  or  cobalt.  Ore  containing  more  than  1%  iron  is  not  adaptable 
for  use  in  the  manufacture  of  flint  glass.  Detailed  specifications,  as 
required  by .  various  consumers  in  the  United  States,  are  given  on 
page  13. 

Price. 

The  average  value  of  manganese  ores  up  to  January,  1916,  was 
approximately  from  $10  to  $20  a  ton,  but  since  that  time  the  curtail- 
ment of  ferro-manganese  imports  from  England  and  the  increased 
demand  has  caused  the  price  to  rapidly  rise.  Quotation  at  San  Fran- 
cisco. March  12,  1918,  was  70  to  80^  per  unit,  based  on  40  to  44% 
metallic  manganese,  maximum  Si02,  allowable,  8%. 

Prices  are  liable  to  wide  variation,  however,  and  information  in  this 
regard  should  be  kept  up  to  date  by  reference  from  time  to  time  to 
the  columns  of  the  current  technical  magazines  or  trade  journals. 

Freight  rates. 

The  market  for  the  bulk  of  the  manganese  ore  produced  in  California 
is  at  the  steel-producing  centers  of  the  East,  although  a  considerable 
quantity  of  this  material  has  recently  been  purchased  by  local  firms. 
The  freight  rate  on  this  class  of  material  from  various  points  in  Cali- 
fornia to  the  Eastern  seaboard  is  67^  per  100  pounds,  in  80,000-pound 
lots,  for  ore  valued  under  $50  per  ton.  To  Chicago  the  corresponding 
rate  is  55^. 

For  ore  valued  at  from  $50  to  $100  per  ton  the  rate  is  $19.04  per 
long  ton  of  2240  pounds  to  the  Eastern  seaboard,  or  85^  per  100  pounds. 
For  ore  valued  at  from  $100  to  $300  per  ton  the  corresponding  rate  is 
$1.55  per  100  pounds.  For  ore  valued  over  $300  per  ton  the  rate 
is  $1.75  per  100  pounds. 


10  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Manganese  Deposits  or  Producers. 

Alameda  County. 

Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators  Name  and  location  of  property 

Beraudiere,    John,    Llvermore  ------------  .......  ----------------------------------------  .........  ---- 

Davis,  John  T.,  1582  Lincoln  av,  Alameda  -----------  .....  ------------  .....  ------------------------- 

Levensaler-Speir  Co.,  259  Monadnock  Bldg.,  S.  F  _____________________________________________________ 

McDonald,   L.   M.,   Livennore  ___________________  Livermore    Manganese   Co  -----------  Livermore 

Newhall,  E.  P.,  box  354,  Livermore  _______________  Newhall  Manganese  Lease  ----------  Livermore 

Newman,  Harry  O.  D.,  Livermore  ___________________________________________________________  ......  ---- 

Overacker,  H.  T.,  Livennore  -------------------------------  .....  -----------------------------  ......... 

Amador  County. 
Manganese  Co.  of  Cal.,  180  Sutter  st.,  S.  F  ---------------------------------------------------------- 

Butte  County. 
Wooley,  George,  Clipper  Mills  ______________________  Bear  Canyon  Mine  __________  .....  -Clipper  Mills 

Glenn  County. 
Burrows,  I.  A.,  Newville  ___________________________  ......  ____________________________    Newville 

Luce,  Alonzo,  333  N.  Butte  St.,  Willows  _____________________________________________________________ 

Noyes,  A.  H.,  et  al.,  Mechanics  Inst.  Bldg.,  S.  F.  ___  Rattlesnake  Mine  —  .....  ________________  Fruto 

Sehorn,  A.  W.,  157  Plumas  St.,  Willows  _____________  Black  Diamond  Mine..  ............  .  .....  _______ 

Humboldt  County. 
Brewer,  Charles,  Eureka  ____________________________  Porter  Ranch  Manganese  __________  Fort  Baker 

Wood,  Wilson,  Harris  _______  -  ______________________  -----------------------------  .....  ------------- 

Kern  County. 
Lovett,  T.,  &  Sullivan,  G.  M.,  Randsburg  ________  Lovett  &  Sullivan  Group  _____________  Garlock 

Lake  County. 
Holbrook,  E.  E.,  Potter  Valley  ___________________  Middle  Creek  Mining  Co  __________  Upper  Lake 

Van,  George,  box  49,  Upper  Lake  ________________  Van  Ranch  Manganese  ______  .....  ____________ 

Mendocino  County. 
Beck,  Mrs.  E.,  Fetters  Springs  __________________________________  .........  .  .....  .  ......  ______  IRedwood 

Bowen,  Marshall,  Hemlock  ______________________________________  ......  __________________________ 

Brereton,  Charles,  Oovelo  ____  .  _________________________________________________________  Covelo 

Busch,  George,  Potter  Valley  ___  '.  __________________  Independent  Mine  ___________  Foster  Mountain 

Busch,  J.  J.  and  S.  H.,  Potter  Valley  _____________  Busch  Manganese  Deposits  _____________________ 

Busch,  J.  G.  and  John,  Willits  ______________________  Busch  Deposit  _____________  Foster  Mountain 

dark,  Walter,  Covelo  _______________________________________  .......  _______________  ;  _______________ 

Connor,  Matt,  Covelo  __  :  _____________________________________________________________  .....  __ 

Guss  Bros.,  Calpella  ______  _  _______________________  ___________  .....  ________________  .....  .Oalpella 

Guthrie,  Alex,  and  Root,  Mrs.  F.  M.,  Alderpoint  ____  Guthrie-Root  Chrome  Group  ___  Red  Mountain 

Holbrook,  E.  E.,  and  Burris,  S.  E.,  Potter  Valley  __________________________  .....  _____  Potter  Valley 

Jameson,  James,  Covelo.  ......  _____________________  ......  _______  .....  _____________  .........  _________ 

Manganese  Co.  of  Cal.,  Adams  Bldg.,  S.  F  ..........  ___________________  IIIIII—  II__III"II_~~~I 

McClendon,  Walter,  Calpella  _______________________________________________________  .".Redwood  "vailey 

Morrison,  Nat,  Oovelo  _________________________    __  j  _____ 

Noble   Electric   Steel    Co.,   E.    E.   Mead,"secy~~"995  " 

Market  St.,  San  Francisco  _______________________________________________________      ...  Ukiah 

Nolan,  W.,  Covelo  __________________________ 

Ochsner,  W.  H.,  First  Nat.  Bank  Bldg.,  S.  ~F._II~lBusch~  Deposit  "~."1V._."."_."7.""  Potter"  Valley 
Requa,  Nelson,  Redwood  Valley,  via  Oalpella  _________  .....  _________________________  Redwood  Valley 

Shields,  W.  E.,  et  al.,  Covelo  ------------------------  Thatcher  Creek  Mine.  ___  Covelo 

Smith,  S.,  and  Waldteufel,  J.  A.,  Ukiah  __________  Mt.  San  Hedron  Mine  Ukiah 

Taylor,  Lee,  Redwood  Valley,  via  Oalpella  _____  .........  _____________  _  Redwood  Valley 

Thomas,  W.  P.,  Ukiah  ------------------------------  Thomas   Manganese  Mine 

Upp,  George,  Willits  ______________________________________________________ 

Waldteufel,  J.  A.,  Ukiah  ---------------------  "Illllwild  Devil  Mine-l~~./.~~~~"~"l"Jl"jjkfob 

Merced  County. 
Briggs,  N.  O.,  Hollister  ______________  ........  ____  Hendriek  Mine  -  .......  ..  .....  ______  ........... 

Nevada  County. 
Loofbourrow,  O.  E.,  719  7th  av.,  Oakland  _____________________  ......  .  .......  .  ...................  _. 


Plumas  County. 
Altshuler,  Samuel,  251  Montgomery  st.,  S.  F  ____  .....  ___  .....  __________  .......  _________ 

Boyden,  W.  P.,  and  Koenig,  Fred,  Greenville  _______  .....  _______________  I-""~~"~~IIIIII! 

Braito,  F.  E.,  and  Mason,  J.  F.,  Crescent  Mills  ___  Buster  Ryan  Manganese  ____ 

Clough,  L.  L.,  Qulncy  _________________________________________________  .........  _______  __Qafaey 

Kloppenburg,  H.  A.,  et  al.,  Quincy  ______________________________  I  _____  I-I"I~~iri_II  ~Quiney 


MANGANESE  AND    CHROMIUM.  11 

Riverside  County. 

Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators  Name  and  location  of  property 

Black  Jack  Manganese  Mine,  Floyd  Brown,  Supt., 

BIythe   

Brown,  Floyd,  Blyths  Maberry-Brown  Manganese English 

Kinzie,  Robert  A.,  First  Nat.  Bank  Bldg.,  8.  P. 

San  Benito  County. 

Briggs,  N.   O.,  Hollister ._ 

Earl,  W.  O.,  Windeler  Apts.,  424  Ellis  St.,  S.  F Hendricks  Manganese  Mine Hollister 

Stewart,  E.  T.,  South  Dos  Palos Hannagan  Ranch Panoche 

San  Bernardino  County. 

Brubaker,  J.  G.,  1188  Kingman  st.,  San  Bernardino LudJow 

Fifty   Associated   Securities   Co.,   Union   Oil   Bldg., 

Los  Angeles  

Garinger,  I.  D.,  Daggett ,Daggett 

Mcllroy,  Charles,  box  41,  Barstow Concord  et  al.  Manganese  Group 

Pacific  Minerals  Products  Co.,  301-329  North  Avenue 

19,   Los  Angeles.— „ 

Seymour,  Alf,  and  Garinger,  I.  D.,  Daggett ^Daggett 

Stenton,   Ruben,    Silver  Lake. Silver  Lake 

Yeoman,  Alex,   Silver  Lake Owl  Hole   Manganese  Mine 

San  Diego  County. 

Ruby,  Don  A.,  Boulevard Ruby  Manganese  Deposit Boulevard 

Son  Joaquin  County. 

Western  Rock  Products  Co.,  Balboa  Bldg.,  S.  F Ladd   Mine - Tesla  District 

San  Luis  Obispo  County. 

Evans,  T.  and  J.,  San  Simeon - San    Simeon 

Phelan  Bros.,  Cambria Cambria 

Manganese  Co.  of  Cal.,  180  Sutter  st.,  S.  F 

Younglove  C.  A.,' 1122  Broad  st.,  San  Luis  Obispo 

Santa  Clara  County. 

Day,  Morgan  M.,  58  N.  15th  st.,  San  Jose Pennsylvania   Mine  ....1 

Green,  Thomas  H.,  R.  F.  D.  3,  Hayward 

Mates,  John  D.,  163  N.  15th  st.,  San  Jose 

Mineral  Products  Co.,  334  Rialto  Bldg.,  S.  P Red   Mountain 

Plattner,  J.  H.,  Livermore Red   Mountain 

Wheeler,  Harold,  Los  Molinos Newhall  Mine Blackbird  Valley 

Shasta  County. 
Arps  Copper  Co.,  R.  V.  Montgomery,  Mgr.,  217  Russ 

Bldg.,  San  Francisco-.. Copper   City 

Sonoma  County. 

Cooper  &  Collins,  Lessee,  via  Cloverdale Haehl  Ranch  Manganese 

Healdsburg    Mineral    Co.,    E.    A.    Marris,    Secy., 

Healdsburg .. L J 

Matthews.  Geo.  C.,  Cloverdale 

Patton,    Charles,    Geyserville 

Shanks,    D.    W.,    1302    Merchants    National    Bank 

Bldg.,   San  Francisco Geyserville 

Woods,  J.  S.,  Cloverdale 

Stanislaus  County. 

Hammond,  W.  J.,  &  Sons,  Patterson 

Hampton,  John,   Patterson - 

Manganese     Products     Co.,     J.    A.     Knox,     Mgr., 

Modesto  

Mineral  Products  Co.,  334  Rialto  Bldg.,  S.  F._ Red   Mountain 

Mitchell,  Dave,  Vernalis Mitchell  Manganese  

Patton,  A.  W.,  Patterson El  Puerto  Creek 

Williams,  Carl  A.,  Patterson Ingram    Canyon 

Tehama  County. 

Benner,  O.  S.,  and  Thurston,  D.  H.,  Paskenta Rosie  &  Sophie  Mine 

Hotel  &  Hewes,  Paskenta 

Trinity  County. 

Asbil,  Frank,  Alderpoint  Xapher  Peak  Manganese 

Randolph,  B.  H.,  Auto  Rest,  via  Peanut 

Tulare  County. 

Manganesa  Co.  of  Cal.,  180  Sutter  St.,  S.  F - 

Tuolumne   County. 
Ogden,  B.  A.,  Knights  Ferry Hughes  Ranch  Manganese 


12  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

METALLURGICAL  PLANTS. 

The  Noble  Electric  Steel  Company  are  making  Ferro  Manganese  at 
their  electric  furnace  in  Heroult,  Shasta  County,  at  the  rate  of  about 
one  million  pounds  a  month. 

The  Pacific  Electro  Metals  Company  (Beckman-Linden  Corporation) 
have  completed  one  unit  of  their  electric  furnace  plant  at  Bay  Point, 
and  have  made  a  small  amount  of  Perro  Manganese  in  a  couple  of  test 
runs.  They  expect  to  be  producing  this  material  on  a  large  scale  in  the 
near  future,  although  all  work  of  this  character  is  handicapped  at  the 
present  time  on  account  of  the  difficulty  of  securing  electrodes.  Beck- 
man-Linden have  built  a  plant  at  Bay  Point,  in  which  they  are  manu- 
facturing electrodes  from  lamp  black  which  they  secure  from  gas  plants. 

CONCENTRATION  OF  MANGANESE  ORES  IN  CALIFORNIA. 

As  the  search  for  Manganese  ores  continues,  and  as  the  higher  grade 
deposits  become  worked  out,  the  question  of  a  successful  method  of 
concentrating  this  material  assumes  greater  importance. 

As  far  as  the  bureau  is  informed,  there  is  no  actual  work  of  this  kind 
being  carried  on  in  California,  although  at  least  three  firms  have  been 
carrying  on  extensive  experiments  along  this  line,  and  it  is  quite 
probable  that  a  successful  solution  of  the  problem  will  be  made  at  no 
late  date. 

Professor  E.  A.  Hersam,  University  of  California,  Berkeley,  has  given 
this  matter  considerable  attention,  and  the  U.  S.  Bureau  of  Mines  is 
also  investigating  ways  and  means  of  meeting  the  Manganese  situation, 
at  its  Experiment  Station  in  Minneapolis,  Minnesota. 

MANGANESE  CONSUMERS. 

In  the  proper  development  of  any  industry  it  is  of  course  necessary 
not  only  that  the  buyer  be  advised  as  to  the  proper  source  of  the 
material  which  will  meet  his  requirements,  but  also  that  the  producer 
have  adequate  information  regarding  the  demand  for  his  raw  material, 
specifications  which  he  may  be  called  upon  to  meet,  and  consumers 
with  whom  he  may  get  in  touch  by  way  of  offering  his  product  for  sale. 
In  the  effort  to  secure  authoritative  information  in  this  regard,  a  copy 
of  the  following  letter  was  sent  to  every  buyer  and  consumer  of 
Manganese  of  the  United  States  whose  name  was  known  to  this  office : 

Dear  Sir:  There  is  now  being  completed,  under  my  direction,  a 
detailed  survey  of  California's  Manganese  deposits.  At  an  early 
date  the  data  thus  collected  will  be  issued  in  printed  form. 

In  order  to  make  this  report  of  the  utmost  possible  value  to  all 
concerned  at  this  time  of  national  stress,  I  am  planning  to  include 
a  list  of  all  firms  in  the  United  States  who  are  in  the  market  for  this 


MANGANESE    AND    CHROMIUM.  13 

class  of  material,  as  well  as  a  list  of  producers  and  owners  of 
deposits.  If  you  have  no  objection  to  the  use  of  your  name  in  this 
connection,  an  early  reply  will  be  appreciated,  giving  as  much  of 
the  following  information  relative  to  the  subject  in  hand  as  is 
consistent  with  your  business  policies : 

1.  Principal  use  to  which  you  put  the  material. 

2.  Specifications  covering  tenor  of  ore  which  will  meet  your 

requirements. 

3.  Form  of  contract  which  you  demand  of  the  producer. 

4.  Approximate  amount  of  ore  you  expect  to  be  in  the  market 

for. 

It  is  believed  that  the  dissemination  of  information  of  this  char- 
acter will  benefit  both  the  user  and  the  producer,  and  you  are 
assured  that  your  courtesy  in  complying  with  the  above  request  will 
be  sincerely  appreciated. 

(Signed)  FLETCHER  HAMILTON, 

State  Mineralogist. 

Very  full  and  satisfactory  replies  were  received  from  the  great 
majority  of  buyers  to  whom  this  letter  was  sent,  and  their  cooperation 
is  hereby  gratefully  acknowledged. 

The  following  mentioned  consumers  do  not,  of  course,  make  up  the 
total  for  the  industry  in  the  country,  and  the  opportunity  to  add  the 
names  of  additional  firms  in  the  final  report  which  will  be  published  on 
this  subject,  will  be  greatly  appreciated.  A  cordial  invitation  is  there- 
fore extended  to  all  companies  interested  in  this  business,  who  have  not 
been  in  touch  with  the  California  State  Mining  Bureau,  to  advise  the 
State  Mineralogist,  Ferry  Building,  San  Francisco,  regarding  the  ques- 
tions mentioned  in  the  above  letter. 

There  follows  an  alphabetical  list  of  buyers  and  consumers,  with 
detailed  information  regarding  the  requirements  of  eaoh,  as  furnished 
by  their  representatives. 

LETTERS  FROM  MANGANESE  CONSUMERS. 

[NOTE. — In  the  endeavor  to  revise  this  publication  and  place  the  information  con- 
tained therein  at  the  disposal  of  the  public  at  the  earliest  possible  moment,  it  has  not 
been  feasible  to  again  communicate  with  many  of  the  consumers  here  listed.  Tlu-  date 
upon  which  these  letters  were  written  must  be  taken  into  consideration.  Conditions 
have  changed  since  the  middle  of  1917  and  statements,  especially  as  to  price,  undoubt- 
edly will  not  hold  true  at  the  present  time.] 

American  Ever  Ready  Works:  8th  and  Brannon  Sts.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Aug.  3,  1917. 

"We  use  Dioxide  Manganese  Ore,  principally  in  the  manufacture  of 
dry  batteries.  Manganese  Ore  must  come  within  the  following  speci- 
fications : 

Minimum  14.72%  available  oxygen,  80%  Mn02,  maximum  2%  iron 
oxide,  not  over  trace  copper  or  phosphorus. 

We  have  been  using  some  California  Manganese  as  low  as  65%  MnO.,, 
but  prefer  the  higher  grades. 


14  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

With  reference  to  the  form  of  contract  which  we  require,  we  have  no 
particular  forms  whatsoever,  but  require  the  producer  to  ship  his 
Manganese  to  San  Francisco,  where  same  will  be  analyzed  by  any  of  the 
reliable  chemists  of  this  city,  and  if  found  to  be  up  to  specifications 
which  are  guaranteed  by  the  producer,  we  immediately  pay  the  invoice. 

In  regard  to  the  approximate  amount  of  ore  we  use,  this  is  hard  to 
give  you  at  the  present  time,  as  we  not  only  buy  for  our  Pacific  Coast 
factory,  but  also  ship  some  to  our  Eastern  factories.  Our  requirements 
run  into  the  thousands  of  tons. ' ' 

The  American  Metal  Company,  Limited:  61   Broadway,   New  York,   N.  Y. 
Aug.  16,  1917. 

' '  Our  position  in  this  commodity  is  that  of  a  dealer,  having  imported 
and  handled  large  tonnages  both  of  furnace  Manganese  and  Peroxide  of 
Manganese.  If  you  would  therefore  incorporate  our  name  in  your  list 
accordingly,  we  should  appreciate  it." 

Bethlehem  Steel  Company:  South  Bethlehem,  Pa.     Aug.  11,  1917. 

"Question  No.  1:  The  only  uses  to  which  we  put  Manganese  are  for 
the  manufacture  of  Spiegel,  and  of  Ferro  Manganese.  Of  course  you 
are  aware  for  the  manufacture  of  Spiegel,  a  low  grade  Manganiferous 
iron  ore  can  be  used,  and  ores  carrying  from  15%  to  30%  of  Manganese 
are  usable. 

Questions  Nos.  2  and  3:  Schedule  of  prices  per  ton  of  2240  pounds 
for  Domestic  or  Foreign  ores,  f .  o.  b.  Philadelphia  or  Sparrows  Point. 

49%  Metallic  Manganese,  $1.00  per  unit 
4G  to  49%  Metallic  Manganese,  .98  per  unit 
43  to  46%  Metallic  Manganese,  .95  per  unit 
40  to  43%  Metallic  Manganese,  .91  per  unit 

Prices  are  based  on  ores  containing 

not  more  than  8.00%  Silica 

not  more  than     .20%  Phosphorus 

and  are  subject  to  deductions  as  follows : 

For  each  1%  in  excess  of  8%  Silica,  ther  shall  be  a  deduction  of  30 
cents  per  ton,  fractions  in  proportion. 

For  each  .02%,  in  excess  of  .20%  Phosphorus,  there  shall  be  a  deduc- 
tion of  4  cents  per  unit  of  Manganese  per  ton,  fractions  in  proportion. 

Ore  containing  less  than  40%  Manganese,  or  more  than  12%  Silica, 
or  .225  Phosphorus  is  not  acceptable;  only  purchased  at  Buyer's  option. 


Settlements  are  based  on  analysis  of  sample  dried  at  212  degrees 
Fahrenheit;  the  percentage  of  moisture  in  the  sample  as  taken  to  be 
deducted  from  the  weight. 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  15 

Question  No.  4.  We  have  filled  our  Manganese  requirements  for  1917 
and  1918.  We  normally  use  about  100,000  tons  of  high  grade  Man- 
ganese Ore  annually,  and  say  70,000  tons  of  low  grade  material.  By 
low  grade  material,  I  would  mean  an  ore  running  less  than  35%  Mn." 

Carnegie  Steel  Company:  Pittsburg,  Pa.    July  31,  1917. 

"Replying  to  your  letter  of  July  25,  would  say  the  use  to  which  we 
put  Manganese  Ore  is  the  manufacture  of  Ferro  Manganese  and 
Spiegel. 

The  remainder  of  your  questions  are  answered  by  the  following  price 
and  specification  sheet,  the  last  one  issued  by  us,  except  as  to  tonnage. 
This  would  be  a  matter  of  negotiation  between  shipper  and  ourselves, 
but  I  can  say  we  are  large  users  of  high  grade  Manganese  Ore. 

We  remit  in  full  on  receipt  of  carload  and  the  analysis  of  the  material 
determined." 

[NOTE. — Under  date  of  January  23,  1918,  the  Carnegie  Steel  Company  advised  a 
California  producer  that  they  had  discontinued  the  distribution  of  their  schedule  show- 
ing prices  per  unit  of  domestic  manganese  ore.  The  following  statement  is  quoted 
from  the  letter  mentioned:  "At  any  time  you  are  in  a  position  to  make  shipments  of 
a  trial  lot  of  one  to  five  carloads  and  will  advise  us  the  tonnage,  point  from  which 
shipment  would  be  made,  and  analysis  in  Metallic  Manganese,  Silica  and  Phosphorus, 
which  you  can  safely  guarantee  your  material  to  contain,  naming  your  lowest  price 
delivered  freight  prepaid,  f.  o.  b.  cars  South  Chicago,  Illinois,  the  matter  will  receive 
proper  consideration."] 

Dana  &  Company,  Inc.:  Ill  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y.    July  31,  1917. 

"  1.  Our  principal  use  of  Manganese  Ore  is  to  make  Ferro  Manganese, 
although  we  sell  a  considerable  quantity  of  Chemical  Ore. 

2.  The  specifications  of  Metallurgical  Ore  (Ferro  Manganese)  :  40% 
Metallic  Manganese,  10%  maximum  Silica,  .20%  maximum  Phosphorus. 

We  prefer  higher  Metallic  Manganese  if  possible. 
Chemical   Ore:  Minimum   75%,    preferably   minimum   80%    Mn02. 
Maximum  1£%  Iron,  maximum  .01%  Copper. 

3.  The  form  of  contract  we   demand  from  the  producer  depends 
entirely  on  his  reliability.    If  we  do  not  know  him  and  he  can  not  give 
us  satisfactory  guarantees  as  to  his  business  integrity,  responsibility  and 
knowledge  of  mining,   we  will  only  pay  on  certified  analysis  of  a 
reputable  chemist,  attached  to  B/L.    In  general,  we  are  willing  to  make 
a  fair  contract  with  a  responsible  supplier,  paying  him  75  to  80%  of  the 
value  of  his  material  at  point  of  shipment. 

4.  There  is  no  limit  to  the  tonnage  we  can  use  either  of  Chemical 
Ore  or  Metallurgical." 

The  Harshaw,  Fuller  &  Goodwin  Co.:  Cleveland,  Ohio.    Aug.  6,  1917. 
"In  answer  to  your  questions  would  advise  as  follows: 
First — The  Manganese  Ore  we  handle  is  used  principally  for  the 

manufacture  of  dry  batteries,  although  we  also  supply  considerable 

quantities  to  glass  manufacturers  and  enamelers. 


16  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Second — Prior  to  the  beginning  of  the  Avar,  our  specifications  for 
Manganese  were  minimum  85%  Manganese  Dioxide,  maximum  1% 
Iron,  free  from  Copper.  We  obtained  ore  of  this  description  from  the 
Caucasus.  Since  the  war  began,  we  have  been  unable  to  obtain  ore  of 
the  above  description,  and  have  used  considerable  quantities  testing  a 
minimum  of  80%  Mn02,  maximum  1.25%  Iron,  with  a  slight  trace  of 
Copper.  The  worst  feature  about  California  and  other  western  Man- 
ganese is  the  Copper  and  high  Iron  contents. 

Third — At  present  we  are  not  making  any  contracts  with  producers. 

Fourth — Before  the  war  began  we  were  handling  about  10,000  tons 
of  Manganese  Ore  per  year.  We  now  handle  perhaps  1,000  tons,  most 
of  which  has  been  received  from  Cuba." 

E.  J.  Lavino  &  Co.:  Bullitt  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.     July  31,  1917. 

"In  answer  to  your  first  question,  as  to  the  use  to  which  we  put  the 
material,  we  beg  to  advise  that  while  we  are  the  largest  independent 
manufacturers  of  Ferro  Manganese  in  the  United  States,  we  are  also 
ore  merchants,  and  while,  generally  speaking,  the  Manganese  Ore  we 
buy  is  used  in  our  own  furnaces,  it  might  also  happen  that  we  would 
sell  some  to  other  Manganese  Ore  consumers. 

Our  specifications  roughly  are  as  follows : 

Ore  must  be  of  normal  physical  condition  and  must  contain  no 
objectionable  elements,  or  at  least  must  not  contain  in  any  appreciable 
quantities  any  objectionable  elements  such  as  copper,  lead,  zinc,  barium, 
etc. 

Metallic  Manganese  should  run  as  closely  to  a  minimum  of  50%  as 
possible,  and  no  ore  under  38%  in  Manganese  would  be  accepted  under 
usual  condition. 

Silica  should  be  low,  averaging  as  much  under  10%  as  possible,  with 
an  outside  limit  of  13%. 

Iron  should  be  just  as  low  as  possible,  the  ideal  Manganese  Ore  for 
our  purpose  having  no  iron  in  it  Avhatever;  4%  is  the  outside  limit  we 
care  to  accept. 

Phosphorus  we  prefer  under  .15%,  but  if  necessary  can  take  up  to 
say,  .25%.  . 

Alumina  should  be  low,  anything  over  10%  being  quite  objectionable, 
especially  in  conjunction  with  high  silica. 

It  is  our  custom  to  impose  a  penalty  on  all  Silica  above  10%,  all  Iron 
above  3%,  all  Phosphorus  above  .20%.  You  understand  of  course,  that 
in  certain  cases  we  might  make  some  modifications  in  our  specification, 
although  we  consider  the  limits  as  given  liberal  ones,  and  we  are  buying 
large  quantities  of  ore  without  finding  it  necessary  to  make  any  change. 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  17 

Question  Three,  the  form  of  contract  which  we  ask  the  producer  to 
sign,  we  have  nothing  particularly  definite  in  this  way.  As  long  as  the 
contract  is  equitable,  and  covers  all  the  points  agreed  to  by  both 
parties,  we  are  usually  satisfied.  One  thing  on  which  we  do  insist,  is 
that  final  settlement  must  be  based  upon  sampling  and  analyzing  by 
Messrs.  A.  S.  McCreath  &  Son  or  Messrs.  Booth,  Garrett  &  Blair,  upon 
arrival  of  car  at  destination. 

Question  Four,  the  amount  of  ore  we  expect  to  purchase  at  the 
present  time,  we  are  buying  unlimited  quantities  and  will  probably 
continue  to  do  so  for  some  time." 

A.  D.  Mackay:  130  Pearl  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y.     March  19,  1918. 

' '  I  am  open  for  offers  on  industrial  and  rare  minerals,  and  at  present 
am  especially  interested  in  Mangenese  Ore  assaying  not  less  than  40% 
Mn,  not  over  .2%  Phosphorous,  and  not  over  S%  Silica.  Can  market 
25,000  tons  of  this  grade. 

It  is  very  desirable  to  have  average  samples  and  complete  analysis  of 
everything  offered,  together  with  data  as  to  tonnage  available,  dates  of 
shipment,  prices  f.  o.  b.  cars,  etc.  Samples  should  be  marked  plainly 
for  identification  inside  and  outside  of  package." 

J.  Meyer  &  Sons:  480  Bourse  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.    Aug.  2,  1917. 

' '  The  principal  use  to  which  we  put  this  material  is  for  manufactur- 
ing glass.  We  require  an  ore  running  from  78  to  85%  MnO;,  with 
less  than  1%  of  Iron. 

Regarding  a  form  of  contract,  which  we  would  demand  from  the 
producer,  would  state  that  we  would  require  a  contract  obligating  the 
producer  to  forward  a  definite  number  of  cars  at  specified  intervals. 

Regarding  the  approximate  amount  of  ore  would  state  that  we  would 
go  slow  at  the  start,  in  order  to  compare  this  ore,  in  a  practical  way,  to 
what  we  are  now  using." 

The  Midvale  Steel  Company:  Pittsburg,  Pa.     Aug.  1,  1917. 

"Referring  to  your  letter  July  25th  addressed  to  our  Philadelphia 
office,  we  beg  to  reply  to  your  questions  as  follows : 

First — Production  of  Ferro  Manganese. 

Second — Desirable  to  secure  ore  as  high  as  possible  in  Manganese  and 
as  low  as  possible  in  Silica,  Iron,  Phosphates,  etc. 

Third — Form  of  contract  not  an  important  matter.  We  are  usually 
willing  to  meet  most  any  reasonable  terms. 

Fourth — Our  annual  requirements  are  approximately  50,000  tons  and 
we  would  be  very  glad  to  secure  the  entire  quantity  in  this  country, 
thereby  avoiding  the  importation  of  any  tonnage  from  Brazil  and 
India." 

3—37417 


18  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Noble  Electric  Steel  Company:  995  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
April  27,  1918. 

' '  In  response  to  a  request  from  your  representative,  we  take  pleasure 
in  advising  you  that  our  specifications  for  Manganese  Ore  are  as  follows : 

Metallic  Manganese  from  40%  up;  Silica  not  over  20%;  Iron  not 
over  5%  ;  and  Phosphorus  limited  to  .225. 

We  penalize  Silica  above  16%  and  pay  a  bonus  when  Silica  is  below 
8%.  We  can  use  certain  grades  of  Manganese  Ore  with  Metallic 
Manganese  contents  as  low  as  36%,  if  Silica  is  not  more  than  half  of  the 
Metallic  Manganese  content,  Iron  not  over  10%,  and  a  full  analysis 
does  not  disclose  detrimental  contents. 

We  have  no  particular  form  of  contract,  but  will  quote  firm  prices 
for  a  specific  tonnage  to  responsible  people  or  would  consider  leasing 
productive  properties  on  a  royalty  basis. 

We  consume  about  1500  tons  of  Manganese  Ore  per  month." 

Rogers,  Brown  &  Company:  Cortlandt  Bldg.,  30  Church  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 
Aug.  3,  1917. 

' '  We  shall  be  glad  to  have  you  put  our  name  down  in  your  report  as 
dealers  in  Manganese  Ore.  We  are  not  ourselves  directly  in  the  manu- 
facturing and  smelting  end  of  the  business,  but  act  as  selling  agents 
for  ore  producers  or  as  merchants  in  buying  and  selling  the  ore  for 
our  own  account. 

Our  principal  customers  are  blast  furnaces  making  Ferro  and  Spiege- 
leisen,  who  require  ore  running  as  high  as  possible  in  Manganese,  not 
less  than  46  or  48%;  low  in  Silica — not  over  9%  if  possible,  low  in 
Iron  and  low  in  Phosphorus. 

As  we  are  not  direct  consumers,  we  can  not  state  what  amount  of  ore 
we  expect  to  be  in  the  market  for,  but  in  a  general  waj  can  assure  you 
that  the  consumers  in  this  country  can  use  a  great  deal  more  high  grade 
ore  than  it  is  possible  at  present  to  produce  in  this  country. 

The  domestic  production  of  Ferro  Manganese  today  is  in  the  neigh- 
borhood of  27,000  to  28,000  tons  per  month,  requiring  more  than  twice 
that  amount  of  ore  in  its  production.  If  British  Ferro  Manganese  con- 
tinues to  be  interfered  with  by  the  submarine  situation,  domestic  con- 
sumption will  call  for  800,000  to  1,000,000  tons  of  Manganese  Ore  for 
consumption  in  this  country  in  1918,  so  that  you  will  see  there  is  no 
difficulty  in  selling  all  the  possible  output  of  Domestic  Manganese  Ore, 
provided  it  is  of  good  quality.  The  difficulty  is  that  so  much  of  our 
Domestic  Ore  runs  very  low  in  Manganese,  high  in  Silica,  and  the 
deposits  are  so  pockety  and  deceptive  that  there  seem  to  be  no  proper- 
ties capable  of  producing  a  large  and  continuous  output  of  high  grade 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  19 

Seaboard  Steel  &  Manganese  Corporation,  74  Broadway,  New  York. 
Feb.  1,  1918. 

Quotation  on  Manganese  Ore  and  Manganiferous  Iron  Ore. 
Specifications: 

The  quotations  made  below  are  for  ore  delivered  at  Temple  Furnace, 
Temple,  Pennsylvania,  in  carload  lots,  based  on  a  gross  ton  of  2,240 
pounds.  The  metallic  content  of  ores  is  to  be  determined  by  assay 
when  dried  to  212  degrees  Fahrenheit,  and  the  amount  of  moisture  to 
be  deducted  from  the  gross  weight  of  ore.  Railroad  weights  are  to 
govern  in  settlements.  Quotations  are  applicable  only  to  ores  of  the 
description  given  below,  which  are  adapted  by  physical  structure  to 
smelting  in  a  blast  furnace,  and  which  are  free  from  elements  destruc- 
tive of  their  metallurgical  value,  for  the  production  of  commercial 
Ferro-Mauganese. 

Quality — Manganese  Ore. 

Schedule  A  50%  Metallic  Manganese  and  over $1.25  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  B  48%  to  49.99%  Metallic  Manganese 1.20  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  C  4G%  to  47.99%  Metallic  Manganese 1.20  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  D  44%  to  45.99%  Metallic  Manganese 1.15  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  E  42%  to  43.99%  Metallic  Manganese 1.10  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  F  40%  to  41.99%  Metallic  Manganese 1.00  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  G  38%  to  39.99%  Metallic  Manganese .90  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

The  above  prices  are  based  on  ores  containing  not  more  than  8%  of  Silica,  not 
more  than  .20%  of  Phosphorus,  and  not  more  than  5%  of  Iron. 

Quality — Manganiferous  Iron  Ore. 

Schedule  H  35%  to  37.99%  Metallic  Manganese $0.70  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule    I   32%  to  34.99%  Metallic  Manganese .65  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  J    22%  to  31.99%  Metallic  Manganese .60  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  K  10%  to  21.99%  Metallic  Manganese .60  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

Schedule  L     5%  to     9.99%  Metallic  Manganese __  per  unit,  per  gross  ton 

The  above  prices  are  based  on  ores  containing  not  more  than  8%  of  Silica,  and  not 

more  than  .20%  of  Phosphorus. 

Penalties: 

A  deduction  of  50  cents  per  gross  ton  will  be  made  for  each  1%  of  Silica  above  8%. 

A  deduction  of  2  cents  per  unit  of  Manganese  per  gross  ton  will  be  made  for  each 
.02%,  or  fraction  thereof,  of  Phosphorus  above  .20%. 

A  deduction  will  also  be  made  on  all  ores  received  under  Schedules  A,  B,  C,  D,  E, 
F  or  G  of  50  cents  per  gross  ton  for  each  1%  of  Iron  above  5%. 

Premiums : 

A  premium  of  50  cents  per  gross  ton  will  be  added  for  each  1%  of  Silica  below  8% 
on  all  ores  assaying  not  less  than  38%  Metallic  Manganese. 

On  Schedules  J,  K  and  L  an  allowance  of  8  cents  for  each  1%  of  Iron  per  gross 
ton.  will  be  added. 

Rejection: 

Ore  containing  more  than  12%  Silica,  more  than  .25%  Phosphorus,  or,  under 
Schedules  A.  B.  C,  D,  E,  F  and  G.  more  than  8%  Iron,  is  subject  to  acceptance  or 
rejection  at  the  option  of  the  buyer. 


20  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Assays: 

In  case  of  a  dispute  as  to  the  assay,  the  buyer  5s  to  have  the  shipment  or  shipments 
sampled  and  assayed  by  Messrs.  A.  S.  McCreath  &  Son,  or  by  Messrs.  Booth,  Garrett 
&  Blair,  whose  determination  is  to  be  accepted  as  final  by  both  seller  and  buyer;  the 
cost  of  such  assay  to  be  borne  equally  by  both  parties. 

Settlement: 

Full  settlement  will  be  made  by  check  every  Monday  morning  for  all  shipments 
received  at  the  furnace  and  assayed,  not  already  paid  for,  up  to  the  close  of  business 
the  preceding  Saturday.  On  request  an  advance  of  50%  of  the  estimated  value  of 
any  shipment  will  be  made  immediately  on  receipt  at  our  New  York  office  of  draft 
accompanied  by  original  bill  of  lading  and  certificate  of  analysis  of  responsible 
chemist. 

Shipping  Directions : 

Ore  is  to  be  consigned  to  the  Seaboard  Steel  and  Manganese  Corporation,  Temple 
Furnace,  Temple,  Pa. ;  the  original  bill  of  lading  is  to  be  sent  to  The  Seaboard  Steel 
and  Manganese  Corporation,  74  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y.,  and  a  copy  to  Temple 
Furnace,  Temple,  Pa.  Unless  expressly  agreed  to  the  contrary,  ore  is  to  be  loaded  in 
drop-bottom  gondolas,  or  hopper  cars. 

All  shipments  are  to  be  billed  for  Philadelphia  and  Reading  delivery. 

All  quotations  are  for  immediate  acceptance,  unless  otherwise  stated. 

PURCHASERS  OF  MANGANESE  AND  MANGANIFEROUS  ORES 
OCTOBER  1,  1917. 

In  addition  to  the  foregoing  purchasers  of  manganese,  the  following 
list  of  firms  has  been  sent  out  by  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.,  and  are  included  herewith  with  the  idea  in  view  of  further 
broadening  the  scope  of  this  report. 

a       Purchase  manganese  ore  with  40  per  cent  or  more  manganese  and   less   than 

2  per  cent  iron, 
b       Purchase  manganese  ore  with  40  per  cent  or  more  manganese  and  2  per  cent  or 

more  iron, 
c       Purchase  manganiferous  ore  with  15  to  40  per  cent  manganese. 


e  Alan  Wood  Iron  &  Steel  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

c  Algoma  Steel  Corp.,  Sault  Ste.  Marie,  Ontario,  Canada. 

c  Alleghany  Ore  &  Iron  Co.,  Buena  Vista  and  Iron  Gate,  Va. 

a  American  Carbon  &  Battery  Co.,  East  St.,  Louis,  111. 

a  American  Ever  Ready  Battery  Co.,  Long  Island  City,  N.  Y. 

be  American  Manganese  Mfg.  Co.,  Bullitt  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  (or  Dunbar,  Pa.) 

be  American  Steel  Foundries,  McCormick  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 

a  Anglo-American  Flash  Light  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

c  James  B.  Bailey,  Pine  Forge,  Pa. 

b  Beckman  &  Linden  Engineering  Corp.,  Bay  Point,  Cal. 

ab  Bennett-Brooks,  120  Liberty  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ab  Berkshire  Iron  Wks.,  Bullitt  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

be  Bethlehem  Steel  Corp.,  South  Bethlehem,  Pa. 

ab  Bilrowe  Alloys  Co.,  201  Bernice  Bldg.,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

ab  Binney  &  Smith,  81  Fulton  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ab  Chas.  A.  Burdick,  E.  M.,  15  Broad  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

a.bc  C.  F.  Burgess  Laboratories,  Madison,  Wis. 

a  L.  H.  Butcher  &  Co.,  Marine  Bldg..  San  Francisco. 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  21 

abc  Cambria  Steel  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

ah  Carnegie  Steel  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

be  Central  Iron  &  Coal  Co.,  Holt,  Ala. 

be  Charcoal  Iron  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

a  Charles  B.  Crystal,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

e  Cleveland-Cliffs  Iron  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

c  Colorado  Fuel  &  Iron  Co.,  Pueblo,  Colo. 

ab  W.  R.  Cuthbert  (National  Paint  &  Manganese  Corp.),  Lynchburg,  Va. 

be  Delaware  River  Steel  Co.,  Chester,  Pa. 

abc  W.  H.  Denison,  Cushman,  Ark. 

b  Electric  Reduction  Co.,  Washington,  Pa. 

b  Empire  Steel  &  Iron  Co.,  Catasauqua,  Pa. 

b  Euller  &  AVarren  Co.,  Troy,  N.  Y. 

ab  Robert  Gilchrist,  82  Beaver  St.,  New  York  City. 

b  Goldschmidt  Thermit  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

a  Charles  Hardy,  50  Church  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

a  Harshaw,  Fuller  &  Goodwin  Co.,  Electric  Bldg.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

a  Hazel-Atlas  Glass  Co.,  Clarksburg,  W.  Va. 

c  W.  P.  Heath  &  Co.,  509  Olive  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

be  Hickman,  Williams  &  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

ab  C.  W.  Hill  Chemical  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

ab  E.  C.  Humphrey  &  Co.,  Detroit,  Mich. 

a  Illinois  Pacific  Glass  Co.,  San  Francisco. 

ab  Illinois  Steel  Co.,  208  South  La  Salle  St.,  Chicago,  111. 

a  Import  Chemical  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

be  Jones  &  Laughlip  Steel  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

b  Juniata  Furnace  &  Foundry  Co.,  30  West  Girard  Ave.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

c  La  Belle  Iron  Works,  Steubenville,  Ohio. 

c  La  Follette  Coal  &  Iron  Co.,  La  Follette,  Tenn. 

be  Lackawanna  Steel  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

a  J.  S.  Lamson  &  Bros.,  Inc.,  80  Maiden  Lane,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ab  E.  J.  Lavino  &  Co.,  Bullitt  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

a  C.  W.  Leavitt  &  Co.,  30  Church  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

b  Lebanon  Blast  Furnace  Co.,  Lebanon,  Pa. 

a  Levensaler — Speir  Corp.,  Monadnock  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

ab  David  Loeser,  1400  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ab  Los  Angeles  Pressed  Brick  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

be  Low  Moor  Iron  Co.  of  Va.,  Lowmoor,  Va. 

b  T.  L.  McCarty,  Box  217,  Eureka,  Utah. 

c  McKeefrey  Iron  Co.,  Leetonia,  Ohio. 

a  Manhattan  Electrician  Supply  Co.,  41—47  Morris  St.,  Jersey  City,  N.  J. 

abc  E.  E.  Marshall,  Bullitt  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

ab  The  Metalores  Corp.,  56  Pine  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

abc  Miami  Metals  Co.,  Tower  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 

ab  Mines  &  Metals  Corp.,  77  Broad  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

c  Mississippi  Valley  Iron  Co.,  6500  South  Broadway,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

be  National  Alloy  Co.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

a  National  Carbon  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

abc  Noble  Electric  Steel  Co.,  995  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

c  Northwestern  Iron  Co.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

t:  Nungesser  Carbon  &  Battery  Co.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 

ab  Oaklay  Paint  Mfg.  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

c  Old  Dominion  Pig  Iron  Corp.,  Roanoke,  Va. 

b  Pacific  Coast  Steel  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

abc  Pacific  Electro  Metals  Co.,  Balboa  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

ab  Pacific  Sewer  Pipe  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

c  Perry  Iron  Co.,  Erie,  Pa. 


22  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

a  Pittsburgh  Lamp  Brass  &  Glass  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

c  Pittsburgh  Steel  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

c-  Pulaski  Iron  Co.,  Pulaski,  Va. 

c  Republic  Iron  &  Steel  Co.,  Birmingham,  Ala. 

ab  A.  P.  Rice,  Spencer,  Ohio. 

b  Ricketson  Mineral  Paint  Wks.,  Milwaukee,  Wis. 

ab  Rogers,  Brown  &  Co.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

bo  Frank  Samuel,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

c  John  A.  Savage  &  Co.,  Duluth,  Minn. 

c  Scullin  Steel  Co.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

abc  Seaboard  Steel  &  Manganese  Corp.,  50  East  42d  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

c  Seattle  Smelting  Co.,  Van  Asselt  Station,  Seattle,  Wash. 

ab  Arthur  Seligman,  165  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

be  Shaffer  Engineering  Co.,  Nazareth,  Pa. 

be  Sligo  Furnace  Co.,  915  Olive  St.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 

c  Sloss-Sheffield  Steel  &  Iron  Co.,  Birmingham,  Ala. 

b  C.  Soloman,  Jr.,  South  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

abc  Southern  Manganese  Corp.,  Anniston,  Ala. 

be  Standard  Steel  Works  Co.,  llth  Floor,  Morris  Bldg.,  Philadelphia.  Pa. 

ab  Oscar  Stromberg,  Tribune  Bldg.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

abc  The  Suffern  Co.,  Inc.,  96  Wall  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

ab  Superior  Portland  C«ment  Co.,  Concrete,  Wash. 

c  Tacoma  Metals  Co.,  Tacoma,  Wash. 

abc  Tennessee  Coal,  Iron  &  Railroad  Co.,  Birmingham,  Ala. 

c  Thomas  Iron  Co.,  Hokendauqua,  Pa. 

c  Toledo  Furnace  Co.,  Toledo,  Ohio. 

a  U.  S.  Glass  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

be  United  States  Steel  Corp.,  Empire  Bldg.,  New  York,  N.  Y. 

b  Utah  Iron  &  Steel  Co.,  Salt  Lake  City,  Utah. 

b  Vanadium  Steel  Alloys  Co.,  Latrobe,  Pa. 

ob  Western  Reduction  Co.,  Portland,  Ore. 

b  Wharton  Steel  Co.,  Morris  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

c  Wickwire  Steel  Co.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

c  Wisconsin  Steel  Co.,  Harvester  Bldg.,  Chicago,  111. 

c  Worth  Bros.  Co.,  Widener  Bldg.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 


MANGANESE    AND    CHROMIUM.  23 

CHAPTER  II. 

CHROMIUM. 
Ores. 

Chromite  (FeCr204)  is  the  principal  ore  of  chromium,  called 
chromic  iron.  Oxide  of  chromium  and  iron.  Color,  iron  black. 
Streak  grayish  brown.  Submetallic  luster.  Breaks  with  a  rough  unpol- 
ished surface.  Hardness  5.5.  Gravity  4.5.  Is  magnetic  in  small  frag- 
ments. Imparts  to  the  borax  bead  a  yellowish  color  when  hot,  which 
changes  to  green  when  cold. 

Occurrence. 

The  characteristic  occurrence  of  chromium  in  California  is  as  the 
black  oxide  chromite  which  usually  carries  more  or  less  iron  and  mag- 
nesium. The  ore  bodies  are  usually  lenticular  or  chimney-shaped  and 
occupy  openings  along  fracture  planes  in  peridotite  or  serpentine.  It 
also  occurs  along  contacts  between  serpentine  and  slate  or  other  rock. 
On  account  of  the  continuity  of  some  fractures  the  ore  appears  as  veins 
filling  them. 

On  account  of  the  persistent  association  of  chromite  with  serpentine 
rocks,  the  areas  in  which  ore  may  be  expected  to  occur  are  easily  out- 
lined. One  belt  follows  the  Coast  Ranges,  Avhile  another  follows  the 
Sierra  Nevada  Mountains.  Up  to  1916,  California  had  been  the  only 
state  in  the  Union  where  this  ore  has  been  mined  on  a  commercial  scale. 

Uses. 

Like  manganese,  chromium  owes  its  present  important  position  in  the 
mineral  industry  of  California  to  the  conditions  arising  from  the  war. 
Most  of  the  chromite  used  in  the  United  States  finds  a  market  on  the 
Atlantic  seaboard  or  in  the  Middle  West.  The  supply  Avas  formerly 
imported  from  South  Africa,  Asia  Minor,  etc.  The  major  consumption 
of  chromite  is  for  use  as  a  refractory  lining  in  furnaces  for  smelting 
steel  and  copper.  Lesser  amounts  go  into  the  manufacture  of  ferro- 
chrome  for  chrome-steel  alloys,  bichromate  of  soda  and  potassium,  etc. 

Price. 

Previous  to  the  present  Avar  conditions  the  bulk  of  the  chrome  pro- 
duced was  valued  at  from  $8  to  $12  per  ton. 

Quotations  at  San  Francisco  March  12,  1918,  were  60  to  70^  per 
unit,  based  on  34%  to  40%  Cr203,  maximum  8%  Si02,  and  90f*  to  $1.25 
for  ore  over  40%  Cr203.  Recent  quotations  at  New  York  are  from 
$1.50  to  $1.75  per  unit  for  ore  carrying  45%  Cr203. 


24  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Freight  rates. 

The  principal  markets  for  this  product  are  in  the  vicinity  of  St.  Louis, 
Chicago,  Pittsburgh  and  New  York. 

The  freight  rate  to  the  Atlantic  seaboard  is  67^^  per  100  pound,  in 
80,000  pound  lots  for  ore  valued  at  $50  per  ton  or  under.  Corre- 
sponding rate  to  Buffalo  is  60^,  and  to  Chicago  55^1. 

For  ore  valued  from  $50  to  $100  per  ton  the  rate  to  the  Atlantic  sea- 
board is  $19.04  per  long  ton  of  2240  pounds,  or  85^  per  100  pounds. 

Chromium  Deposits  or  Producers. 

Alameda  County. 
Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators  Name  and  location  of  property 

Clark,  J.  W.,  and  McDonald,  D.,  Livermore Livermore 

Newman,  S.  V.,  Livermore Newman  Chrome  Mine Cedar  Mountain 

Olsen,  Ole,  Livermore Olsen  Chrome  Mine 

Amador  County. 

Oourtwright,  George,  lone —-lone 

Dooley,   E.  D.,   Plymouth — ----- 

Mefford,  J.  E.,  lone Mefford   Chrome  Mine 

Mooney,  L..  lone 

Mountain  Springs  Chrome  Co.,  lone 

Wait,  A.   L.,   Plymouth 

Butte  County. 
Agard,  W.  A.  T.,  288  Market  st.,  San  Francisco. — Agard  &  Stewart—.  -—Big  Bar 

Apperson,  V.  V.,  Oroville 

Clark    B    C.,  Yankee  Hill Clark  Chrome  Mine Yankee  Hill 

Davis!  A.  A.',  Oroville - 

Day,  W.  S.,  Oroville — 

Dowden,  G.  O.,  Oroville 

Dreisbach,  F.  M.,  2101  E.  12th  St.,  Oakland Zenith  Chrome  Mining  Co Forbestown 

Holbrook,  E.  E.,  45  Kearney  st.,  San  Francisco Oroville 

Htibbard,  John  D.,  832  Mills  Bldg.,  San  Francisco-Lucky   John   Mine Paradise 

Lambert,   N.,  Magalia Lambert   Chrome   Mine Magalia 

Marchant,  John,  Pentz,  via  Oroville Curtis  Bros.  Chrome  Mine Pentz 

Nash,    E.    H.,    and   Vandercook,    A.    E.,    214    First 

National  Bank  Bldg.,  Oakland Western  Ore  Co 

Noyes,  A.  H.,  103  Lick  Bldg.,  San  Francisco Noyes   Chrome  Mine 

Rohrer,  O.  C.,  Pulca 

Sheldon,  George  E.,  302  Key  Route  Bldg.,  Oakland Sterling   City 

Simmons,  D.  S.,  Yankee  Hill Simmons  Chrome  Mine Yankee  Hill 

Stokes,  L.  R.,  Yankee  Hill. Stokes  Chrome  Mine Yankee  Hill 

Swayne,  R.  H.,  430  Sansome  st.,  San  Francisco Swayne   Lumber   Co Oroville 

Wells,  John,  Yankee  Hill Wells  Chrome  Mine Yankee  Hill 

Calaveras  County. 

Davis,  John,   Copperopolis 

Dean,  S.  P.,  Felix __Dean  Chrome  Mine Felix 

Jens,  John  O.,  Belmont Milton 

Madrid,  John,  Angels  — .True  Blue  Mine Angels  Camp 

McAflee,  Mr.  — ,  Valley  Springs Vogelsang  Chrome  Mine Valley  Springs 

McFall,  J.  H.,  Angels Angels 

Osburn,  S.  P.,  Altaville Altaville 

Peri,  Frank,  Copperopolis 

Perley,  A.  O.,  Fosteria 

Vogelsang  &  Ellingwood,  North  Branch Vogelsang  Chrome  Deposit North  Branch 

Ward,  George,  Fosteria 

Colusa  County. 
Rathburn,  J.  P.,  College  City 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  25 

Del  Norte  County. 

Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators  Name  and  location  of  property 

American  Exploration  and  Contracting  Co.,  Grants 

Pass.,  Ore.  Tyson  Chrome  Mines-. 

Barton,  George  S.,  Grants  Pass,  Ore .Barton  Chrome  Leases 

Boutz,  M.  M.,  Crescent  City 

Gravlin,  C.  W.,  Grants  Pass,  Ore- Cold  Spring  Chrome  Mine 

Hawkins,  William,  Low  Divide,  via  Crescent  City - 

Lindley,   Jacob,   Receiver,   Tyson  Bldg.,  Baltimore, 

Md.    Tyson  Mining   Co 

Maltby,  C.  S.,  1304  Humboldt  Bank  Bldg.,  S.  F 

Moore,  Ad.,  Korbel Moore-Gastman  Chrome  Group 

Rattlesnake   Mountain 

Rowen,  R.  J.,  Grants  Pass,  Ore. Gordon  Mountains 

Sowers,  H.  F.,  Smith  River Somers  Copper  Mining  Co 

El  Dorado  County. 

Austin,  H.  C.,  56  Bacon  Bldg.,  Oakland Georgetown 

Bonetti  Bros.,  Latrobe Bonetti   Chrome   Mine 

Brandon,   Guy,  Latrobe . 

Brandon,  Madison,  Latrobe Brandon  Chrome  Mine 

Bryant,  Cullen,  Latrobe 

Chaix,    S.,    Latrobe 

Dodson,  R.  L.,  Latrobe — 

Evanis,  John  C.,  Clarksville 

Fleishbein,    L.,    and    Kinney,    L.,    Mormon    House, 

via  Polsom 

Green,  W.  C.,  Georgetown _ 

Gurney,  F.,  Mgr.,  box  131,  Folsom Mormon   Island 

Mundrini,   Michael,   Latrobe 

Murphy,  P.  B.,  Latrobe 

Noble    Electric   Steel    Co.,    E.   E.    Mead,   Secy.,   995 

Market  st.,  San  Francisco Bear  Mountain Folsom 

O'Brien,  James,   Latrobe 

Ogle,   E.   O.   and  W.  H.,  Volcanoville,  via  George- 
town   

Pfeifler,  William,  Latrobe " ""_ 

Pilliken,  George,  Folsom... Pilliken    Chrome  Deposit 

Placer  Chrome  Co.,  F.  E.  Reanier,  Supt.,  Newcastle Rattlesnake  Bar,   Newcastle 

Wiley,  D.  E.,  Folsom 

Fresno  County. 

Alexander,  F.  A.,  445  Ellis  St.,  San  Francisco ..Wall    Valley 

Carson.  Frank,  Visalia ,— 

Curran,  W.  E.,  Sanger 

DeMasters,  S.  D.,  Star  Route,  Sanger— DsMasters  Chrome  Mine Pine  Flats 

Doyle,  H.  S.,  Hotel  Fresno,  Fresno Watts  Valley  and  Piedra 

Johnston,  W.  J.,  Bank  of  San  Jose  Bldg.,  San  Jose.  Johnston  Chrome  Mine Piedra 

Kahn,  Albert,  15  California  St.,  San  Francisco 

Levensaler-Speir  Co.,  Monadnock  Bldg.,  S.  F . 

Magnesite  Mining  Co.,  Coalinga— White  Creek  Chrome  Mine 

McBride,  C.  E.,  Sanger 

Moore,  Vincent,  Star  Route,  Sanger 

Payne,  L.  R.,  Academy 

Rhodes,  L.  H.,  Coalinga— 

Riffe,  John,  King  River,  via  Sanger __ Crisle-Riffe  Chrome  Mine Piedra 

Sanger  Mining  Co.,  John  Crisle,  Mgr.- Hog  Mountain,  via  Sanger 

Siebert,  John,  Star  Route,  Sanger _._ 

Snow,  C.  S.,  Academy Snow  Chrome  Mine 

Snyder,  R,  F.,  Piedra,  via  Sanger 

Ten-ill,   William,   Trimmer Trimmer 

Vance,  Homer,  Star  Route,  Sanger Vance  Chrome  Mine Pine  Flats 

Wellman,  Scott  I.,  4603  Finley  ave.,  Los  Angeles Chrome  Mine Piedra 

Woods,  George,  Star  Route,  Sanger Woods,  McGirr  &  Sherman Pine  Flat 

Glenn   County. 

Burrows,  I.  A.,  Newville Nswville 

Huffard,  J.  B.,  Kohl  Bldg.,  San  Francisco California   Chrome  Co Chromeville 

Luce,  Alonzo,  333  N.  Butte  St.,  Willows.— 

Millsap,  O.  H.,  Newville 


26  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Inyo   County. 

Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators                                         Name  and  location  of  property 
Roeper,  J.  O.,  Independence. Independence  Graphite  Mir.e Kearsarge 

Lake  County. 

Fuqua,  T.  P.,  and  Bell;  R,  E.,  Lower  Lake Chrome  Mine Morgan  Valley 

Harp,  George  E.,   Corcoran ..Harp   &   Sons.. 

Smith,  G.  B.,  Lower  Lake. Morgan   Valley 

Tucker,  Henry,  Oalistoga 

Mendocino  County. 

Asbil,   Prank,  Aider-point — Red  Mountain 

Graham,  W.  S.,  R.  P.  D.  1,  box  70,  Ukiah 

Guthrie,  Alex,  and  Root,  Mrs.  P.  M.,  Alderpoint Guthrie  Root  Chrome  Group.-.Red  Mountain 

Monterey   County. 
Wear,  E.  T.,  Jolon. 

Nap  a  County. 

Biggs,  H.  C.,  2718  California  St.,  San  Francisco .Etna    Springs 

Chase,  H.  B.,  Jr.,  412  Mechanics  Inst.  Bldg.,  S.  P 

Gill,   Charles  D..   Campbell .Etna    Springs 

Neill,  Thomas,  Pope  Valley Knoxville 

Nichelini,  A.,  Chiles Whit?  Cape  Mine Chiles  Valley 

Sawyer  Tanning  Co.,  Grant  ave.,  Napa 

Nevada  County. 

Bechtold,   Charles,  Washington 

Hoeft,  Miss  Eleanor,  Nevada  City 

Hothersall,  George  J.,  Nevada  City 

Maguire,   William,  Lowell  Hill,  via  Dutch  Plat  or 

Nevada  City _ 

Moscatelli,  B.,  box  309.  Nevada  City Washington 

Moscatelli,  Peter,  and  Kohler,  H.,  Washington 

Netz,  Ludwig,  Knowles  

Nevada  County  Chrome  Co.,  P.  S.  Morgan,  Mgr., 

Nevada  City Oustomah  Mill 

Niles,  Walter,  Washington 

Olsen  Bros.,  Washington 

Raab,  Pred,  Washington . •- 

Scott,  George,  Washington 

Shroeder,  H.,  and  Thompson,  E.  H.,  Grass  Valley 

Sweet,  John,  Wolf Sweet    Ranch Wolf 

Thompson,  H.,  Wolf 

Williamson  Bros.  &  Cole,  Washington Red  Ledge  Mine ..--Washington 

Placer  County. 

Garrison,  E.  A.,  Forest  Hill Spanish   Mines    Consolidated 

Linder,  R.  E.,  and  Hodges,  J.  R.,  Alta .'. 

McNear,  P.  W.,  Auburn - 

Meyer,  Fred,  Weimar .Meyer  Chrome  Mine Weimar 

Scott,   George,   Washington Gorge    Station 

Sullivan,  Daniel,  Dutch  Flat— — _ 

Turner,  R.  Chester,  Grass  Valley Turner  Chrome  Mine Iowa  Hill 

Turner,  R.  L.,  Colfax.. 

Walsh,  Guy,  Auburn 

Wellman,  S.  I.,  Hibernian  Bldg.,  Los  Angeles 

Williamson,  O.  S.,  and  Beck,  O.,  Iowa  Hill 

Willis,  D.  E.,  Lincoln.... 

Plumas  County. 

Altschuler,  Samuel,  251  Montgomery  St.,  S.  P 

Baldwin,  W.  T.,  Telephone  Bldg.,  Oroville 

Diske,  Ernest,  Gibsonville,  via  Quincy Whiskey   Diggings    Chrome Gibsonville 

Hall,   George,   Greenville Gold   Stripe   Mine 

McCarty,  Thomas,  Quincy — - Quincy 

Son  Benito  County. 

Aurora  Mining  Co.,  via  Idrla : 

Valdez  Bros.,  via  Idria Valdez  Bros.  Chrome  Mine 


MANGANESE    AND    CHROMIUM.  27 

Saw  Luis  Obispo  County. 
Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators  Name  and  location  of  property 

Arata,  P.  A.  H.,  San  Luis  Obispo - Dibblee  &  Arata 

California  Chrome  Co.,  Kohl  Bldg.,  San  Francisco — 

Taucher,  J.  A.,  Oakland - 

Hollister,  W.  M.,  and  Pierce,  W.,  San  Luis  Obispo 

Norcross,  D.  C.,  430  California  st.,  San  Franelsco--Lop?z  Chrome  Group Chorro  District 

Parkhurst,  Herbert  N.,  110  20th  st.,  Pacific  Grove 

Pierce  &  Benadom,  Morro Pierce  &  Benadom  Group Cayucos 

Trinidad  Mining  Co.,  214  Front  St.,  San  Francisco - 

Union  Chrome  Co..  180  Sutter  St.,  San  Francisco— 

Van  Ness,  L.  E.,  Atascadero 

Waters,  Charles.  San  Luis  Obispo 

Williams,  Joe,  Cambria 

Santa  Barbara  County. 
Boeseke,  O.  W.,  Santa  Barbara 


Santa  C7ara  County. 

Ferbrache,  J.  A.,  GHroy 

Holbrook,    C.    H.,    and    McGuIre,    W.    L.,    Crocker 

Bldg.,   San  Francisco 

Jens.  John  C.,  Belmont . Coyote 

Kilday,  M.  J.,  Los  Gatos 

Plattner,  J.  H..  Livermore Red    Mountain 

Springer,  — ,  Livermore Mocho 

Shasta  County. 

Alexander,  F.  A.,  Adalr  Hotel,  445  Ellis  St.,  S.  F 

Bland,  G.  R.,  and  Shoemaker,  Lamome Bland-Shoemaker   Chrome   Mine Gibson 

Davis,  J.  A.,  Hazel  Creek Sims 

Hoy,  E.  K.,  Dunsmuir Hoy   Chromite  Group Gibson 

Hufford,  J.  B.,  Kohl  Bldg..  San  Francisco California    Chrome   Co Dunsmuir 

Miles.  D.  E.,  1515  Lafayette  St.,  Alameda Miles    &   Westover   Group Sims 

Noble  Electric  Steel  Co.,  995  Market  St.,  S.  F ..Electric   Furnace H?roult 

Solinsky,  F.  J.,  728  New  Call  Bldg.,  San  Francisco. — 

Siskiyou  County. 

Bingham,  Alonzo,   Callahan JCallahan 

Coggins,  Arthur  L.,  Dunsmuir Coggins  Chrome  Mine ... 

Collier,  B.  K.,  Dunsmuir 

Cory,  C.  H.,  and  Sexton,  Rex,  Callahan Sugar  Creek  Chrome  Mine Sugar  Creek 

Doolittle.  E.  B.,  Happy  Camp Schular    &   Doolittle 

Dougherty.  O.  F.,  Porterville Geo.  Dexter  Chrome  Mine Montague 

Dwyer,  J.  F.,  Treka „_. — „ Yreka 

Flederman,  R.  and  A.  G.,  Treka Flederman   Chrome  Leases 

Florlan  and  Le  May,  Charles,  box  454,  Yreka -Le  May  Chrome  Mine. ._ Grienhorn 

Grant,  J.  M.,  Etna  Mills 

Ladd,  J.  A.,  Gottvill? 

Latchem,  E.  O.,  Gazelle .—Grouse   Creek  Mine Gazelle 

Martin,  H.,  and  MeKean,  S.,  Callahan ..Martin,  McKean  Chrome  Mine 

Masterson.  T.  F.  and  A.  C.,  Callahan Masterson  Bros.   

McBride,  Geo.,  and  Masterson,  G.  J.,  Callahan McBride   Chrome  Mine Callahan 

Musgrave,  Henry,  Yreka Musgrave  Chrome  Mine Yreka 

Nunes,  Joseph,  et  al.,  Yreka .Nunes   Chrome  Mine 

Patterson,  James.  Callahan 

Strickland,  Chester,  Callahan 

Tracy  Bros.,  Callahan 

Union  Chrome  Co.,  180  Sutter  st.,  San  Francisco 

Welker,  Andrew,  Callahan 

Welker,  O.  J.,  Callahan _•_ 

Sonoma  County. 

Bawman,  B.  C.,  Lessee,  Cazadero Parmeter  Ranch  Mine Cazadero 

Bergman,  C.  J.,  Chronicle  Bldg.,  San  Francisco 

Bones,  W.  H..  Occidental Bones   Ranch    Chrome 

Dolbear,    S.    H.,    1411    Merchants    National    Bank 

Bldg.,  San  Francisco Camp    Meeker 

Dotta,  Mrs.  L.  H.  and  Sons,  Healdsburg 

Elzey,  Ray  H.,  Lessee,  Santa  Rosa .Riley  Ranch  Chrome  Deposit-.Skaggs  Springs 

Fritz,  L.  W.,  Pine  Flat 

Madeira,  Geo.,  Sr.,  R,  F.  D.  2,  Healdsburg Madeira    Mine   Guerneville 

Marris,  E.  A.,  Secretary,  Healdsburg Healdsburg  Mineral  Co 


28  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Stanislaus  County. 
Name  and  address  of  owners  or  operators  Name  and  location  of  property 

Butcher,  L.  H.,  &  Co.,  356  Pine  st.,  San  Francisco ^  Patterson 

Chrome    Concentrating    Co.,    W.    R,    Stuck,    Mgr., 

Patterson    'Patterson 

Hampton,  John,  &  Son,  Patterson El  Puerto  Creek 

Holbrook,    C.    H.,    and    McGuire,    W.    L.,    Crocker 

Bldg.,   San   Francisco 

Mineral  Products  Co.,  Robt.  Anderson,  Gen.  Mgr., 

334  Rialto  Bldg.,  San  Francisco ^ Red    Mountain 

Tehama  County. 

Carpey,  Chas.,  and  Brown,  J.,  Lessee,  268  Market 

st.,  San  Francisco Tecloc  Mining  Co 

Folger,  A.  J.,  Holbert,  C.  M.,  et  al.,  Beegum Bee  Gum  Mining  Co Beegum 

Kleinsorge,  W.  E.,  605  Peoples  Bank  Bldg.,  Sacra- 
mento   Kleinsorge  Mine 30  miles  S.W.  of  Red  Bluff 

Noble  Electric  Steel  Co.,  995  Market  st.,  S.  F ..Lowry  Mine  Lowry 

Tedoc  Chrome  Co.,  via  Red  Bluff 

Trinity  County. 
Neeley  Bros.,  70  Fremont  St.,  San  Francisco.. Crow  Creek  Chrome  Group Crow  Creek 

Tulare  County. 
Gin,  Fred,  Exeter j  Lindsay 

Konrich,  Sam,  Lessee,  Porterville Vaughn   Mine   _ 

Phillips,  W.  B.,  PorterviHe 

Vaughn,  D.  A.,  Estate,  Porterville Vaughn   Mine   ._ 

Tuolumne   County. 

Atherton,  F.,  Jamestown 

Atkins,  Kroll  &  Co.,  Insurance  Bldg.,  S.  F Tuolumne 

Beckwith,  Robt.,  Jamestown 

Booker,  Powell  &  Porter,  Chinese  Camp Powell  et  al.  Chrome  Mine Chinese 

Cory,  W.  C.,  Jamestown - 

Egling  &  Minners,  Chinese  Camp 

Egling  &  Williams,  Chinese  Camp Egling-Williams    Chrome  Mine Chinese 

Gillis,   Charles,  Tuttletown Gillis   Chrome  Mine Tuttletown 

Kahl,   Joseph,   Jamestown 

Locklant,  William,  Jamestown Jamestown 

Mackey,  Peter,  Jamestown Maekeys  Ranch  Mines 

Marianno,  J.  P.,  box  6,  Chinese  Camp 

McCormick  Cattle  Co.,  Sonora 

Null.  John,   Chinese  Camp 

Ogden,  B.  A.,  Lessee,  Knights  Ferry Mackey  Ranch  Chrome Jamestown 

Pereira,  William  M.,  Jamestown 

Pericone,  Henry,   Chinese  Camp , -.Chinese  Camp 

Preston  Estate,  Jamestown 

Quigg,  Charles,  Chinese  Camp. Quigg   Chrome  Mine Chinese 

Quigg,  Charles,  Lessee,  Jamestown Kahl  Chrome  Mine Rawhide 

Richards,  George  A.,  Oakdale 

Rushing,  R.  H.,  Jamestown Rushing    &    Lyons 

Schoettgen,  F.  J.,  Columbia 

Sims,  Henry,  Chinese  Camp Sims   Chrome   Deposit Chinese 

Staten,   George,  Jamestown. 

Swearer,  A.,  Jamestown 

Terry,  C.  W.,  Sonora Terry-Ssll  Chrome  Mine 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  29 

CONCENTRATION  OF  CHROME  ORES. 

Deposits  of  high  grade  chromite  are  undoubtedly  being  worked  out 
to  a  considerable  extent  in  this  state,  but  during  the  past  few  months  a 
great  deal  of  attention  has  been  given  to  the  concentration  of  lower 
grade  chrome  ores.  This  phase  of  the  industry  has  already  passed  the 
experimental  stage,  and  the  following  notes  will  indicate  the  progress 
which  has  been  made  in  this  regard : 

BUTTE. 
Western  Ore  Co.,  six  miles  east  of  Paradise.     A.  E.  Vandercook  and  E.  H. 

Nash,  First  National  Bank  Bldg.,  Oakland,  Cal. 
Data  secured  March  22,   1918. 

Plant  being  completed  which  will  consist  of  a  I-.-,-  inch  grizzly,  6  by  8 
inch  Dodge  crusher,  5  foot  Huntington  mill,  which  will  be  equipped 
with  20-mesh  screens,  classifier,  the  sands  to  be  treated  on  a  No.  4 
Deister  concentrator,  and  the  slimes  on  a  Johnson  vanner.  Capacity  of 
plant  will  be  from  30  to  50  tons  per  24  hours,  and  power  obtained  from 
a  20  h.p.  distillate  engine.  The  ore  to  be  treated  assays  from  10  to  35 
per  cent  chromic  oxide,  and  the  final  concentrate  will  average  not  less 
than  45  per  cent  Cr003. 

CALAVERAS. 
Holbrook  &   Maguire    (Dean  property),  8  miles   southeast  of  Copperopolis. 

Office,  1002  Crocker  Bldg.,  San  Francisco. 
Data  secured  April  30,  1918. 

Plant  being  completed  which  consists  of  a  grizzly,  crusher,  small  ball 
mill  and  classifier,  the  subsequent  sands  and  slimes  being  treated  on 
separate  suitable  tables,  the  middlings  being  returned  to -the  ball  mill 
for  retreatment.  The  ore  to  be  milled  will  average  less  than  30% 
Chromic  Oxide,  and  much  of  it  runs  as  high  as  25%  Silica.  It  is 
expected  to  produce  a  concentrate  running  from  48%  to  50%  Chromic 
Oxide.  Gasoline  power  is  utilized. 

EL  DORADO. 
Buzzard  Mill,  situated  on  Levy-Darington  Ranch,  four  miles  from  Mormon 

Island,  El  Dorado  County  (near  Folsom). 
Plant  visited  Feb.  20,  1918. 

This  is  an  old  5-stamp  mill,  which  has  been  remodeled  as  a  test  plant, 
an  Overstrom  concentrator  having  been  installed  below  the  stamps. 
F.  Gurney,  Mgr.,  Box  131,  Folsom,  Cal.  One  short  trial  run  has  been 
made,  but  no  definite  results  yet  accomplished.  Power  derived  from 
two  gasoline  engines — one  30  h.p.  and  one  7  h.p.  Mr.  Gurney  is 
making  preparation  to  build  a  new  plant  nearby. 

[On  April  30  the  Bureau  was  informed  that  the  firm  of  Holbrook  & 
Maguire  had  taken  over  this  plant,  and  was  contemplating  the  con- 


30  CALIFORNIA   STATE   MINING   BUREAU. 

struction  at  an  early  date  of  a  60-ton  mill,  similar  to  the  plant  at 
Copperopolis.] 

L.  H.  Butcher  and  Company.     Mill  situated  in  the  town  of  Folsom.     Office, 

Marine  Bldg.,  San  Francisco. 
Data  secured  May  7,  1918. 

The  mill  is  a  Standard  ball  mill  of  50  to  60  tons  capacity,  Wilfiey 
concentrators  and  electric  power.  A  large  ore  bin  has  been  installed 
which  will  hold  250  tons,  at  the  bottom  of  which  is  a  14-inch  roller 
Hendy  crusher.  After  going  through  the  crusher  the  ore  will  be  ele- 
vated to  the  smaller  mill  bin,  and  from  there  through  the  mill.  The 
company  will  probably  be  in  a  position  to  buy  any  ore  that  may  be 
offered  short  of  the  commercial  grade  where  the  local  freight  rate  will 
permit  of  its  being  shipped  to  Folsom.  It  is  expected  to  produce  from 
12  to  15  tons  of  concentrates  per  day. 

Noble  Electric  Steel  Co.,  995  Market  St.,  San  Francisco.     Plant  situated  in  the 

Xigger  Hill  District,  about  12  miles  northeast  of  Folsom. 
Data  secured  April  26,  1918. 

Equipment  consists  of  a  Hendy  jaw  crusher,  Allis  ball  mill,  three 
Wilfrey  concentrating  tables.  Power  is  derived  from  a  40  h.p.  gasoline 
engine. 

Placer  Chrome  Concentrating  Company,  Rattlesnake  Bar,  El  Dorado  County. 

F.   E.   Reanier,   Superintendent;   C.  A.   Doane,  Assistant  Superintendent, 

both  of  Newcastle,  Cal. 
Plant  visited  Feb.  21,  1918. 


Placer  Chrome  Concentrating  Co.  mill,  near  Rattlesnake  Bar,  El  Dorado  Co.,  Cal. 
(Photo  by  C.  A.  Waring.) 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  31 

The  mill  of  the  Placer  Chrome  Concentrating  Company  is  located 
one  quarter  mile  south  of  Rattlesnake  Bridge  in  El  Dorado  County,  and 
eight  miles  southeast  of  Newcastle,  Placer  County.  Ore  is  trucked  a 
mile  and  a  quarter  from  a  bin  at  the  foot  of  the  mine  tramway.  Equip- 
ment consists  of  a  4'x  6'  grizzly,  8"x  12"  Blake  crusher,  12"x  18"  rolls, 
Hendy  self-feeder,  4'x  5'  ball  mill,  2  Deister-Overstrom  concentrators 
and  1  Deister-Simplex  sand  concentrator.  The  mill  and  crusher  are 
operated  by  a  20  h.p.  Fairbanks  Morse  distillate  engine,  while  the 
tables  and  generator  for  lights  are  driven  by  a  4  h.p.  distillate  engine. 
A  6  h.p.  engine  pumps  water  from  the  Middle  Fork  of  the  American 
River. 

Forty  tons  of  25%  to  30%  ore  were  recently  put  through  the  mill  in 
24  hours,  with  the  tailings  assaying  less  than  3  per  cent  chromic  oxide. 
Plant  will  be  enlarged  as  soon  as  weather  permits. 

NEVADA. 
Nevada   County   Chrome   Co.,    Nevada    City,   operating   the   Oustomah    Mill. 

F.  S.  Morgan,  Manager.     E.  E.  Leichter,  Mill  Superintendent. 
Plant  visited  Feb.  22,  1918. 

The  mill  consists  of  ten  1200-lb.  stamps  with  15-mesh  screens,  a  Hendy 
classifier,  two  Johnson  belt  machines  and  one  Overstrom  table.  In 
several  test  runs  which  have  been  made,  there  has  been  no  difficulty  in 
milling  four  tons  to  the  stamp.  Average  value  of  ore  treated  15% 
Cr203,  and  resulting  concentrates  are  said  to  average  44%  chromic 
oxide  and  less  than  5%  silica,  with  the  tailings  running  less  than  2%. 
The  fines  and  slimes  from  the  classifier  are  handled  on  the  Johnson  belt 
machines,  and  the  coarse  product  is  delivered  to  the  Overstrom  table. 
A  bucket  elevator  is  now  being  installed  which  will  return  the  middlings 
from  the  Overstrom  back  to  the  classifier.  It  is  also  planned  to  make 
three  cuts  at  the  classifier,  and  treat  the  middlings  by  themselves  on 
an  Overstrom  table.  Mr.  Morgan  states  that  as  soon  as  the  success  of 
this  mill  is  assured  he  intends  to  build  another  near  the  company's 
mines  at  Limekiln,  and  continue  to  operate  the  Oustomah  mill  as  a 
custom  plant  for  treating  local  ores. 

PLACER. 
F.  W.  McNear,  5  miles  northeast  of  Auburn.     Office,  514  Kohl   Bldg.,  San 

Francisco,  Cal. 
Data  obtained  March  19,  1918. 

Construction  just  being  started  on  mill  which  will  be  equipped  with 
a  ball  mill  of  50  tons  capacity,  power  to  be  derived  from  distillate 
engine.  Average  grade  of  ore  which  will  be  treated,  about  18  to  20% 
chromic  oxide. 

SAN  LUIS  OBISPO. 

California  Chrome  Co.,  Castro  Mill.     San  Francisco  address,  Kohl  Bldg.     • 
Data  obtained  March  26,  1918. 

The  erection  of  the  California  Chrome  Company's  Castro  milling 
plant  was  begun  the  latter  part  of  November,  1917,  and  was  turned 


32 


CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 


MAXGAXE-E    AXD    CHROMIUM.  33 

over  to  the  company,  operating  to  full  capacity,  by  Joshua  Hendy  Iron 
Works  the  first  of  February,  1918. 

The  mill  is  located  on  San  Luisito  Creek,  about  nine  miles  in  a  north- 
erly direction  from  San  Luis  Obispo  in  San  Luis  Obispo  County, 
and  is  crushing  a  medium  hard  low-grade  chrome  ore,  the  concentrated 
chromite  from  which  will  be  hauled  to  Gold  Tree  station,  and  shipped 
by  rail  to  Eastern  points. 

The  crude  ore  is  delivered  to  the  mill  in  14-cubic-feet  ore  cars  and 
dumped  into  a  3'x  8'  grizzly  Avith  V  openings.  The  fines  going 
through  the  grizzly  fall  directly  into  the  mill  feed  bin.  The  coarse  is 
put  through  a  12"x  16"  Dodge  crusher,  crushing  to  one  inch.  The 
crusher  is  set  above  the  mill  ore  bin,  and  the  product  falls  directly  into 
the  bin.  which  is  of  50  tons  live  load  capacity  and  built  with  a  flat 
bottom.  The  power  for  the  crusher  is  derived  from  a  12  h.  p.  Orr  and 
Sembower  gas  engine  burning  distillate  for  fuel.  This  enables  the 
crusher  to  be  operated  as  an  independent  unit  and  one  shift  is  generally 
.sufficient  to  keep  the  mill  bin  well  supplied  with  crushed  ore. 

A  Challenge  feeder  is  fastened  to  the  ore  bin  which  feeds  the  crushed 
ore  to  a  4'x  3'  Hendy  ball  mill.  The  ball  mill  has  a  scoop  feed  which 
dips  the  ore  from  an  iron  lined  feed  box.  The  mill  revolves  at  30  revo- 
lutions per  minute  and  carries  a  load  of  2000  Ibs.  chrome  steel  balls. 
The  consumption  of  balls  is  about  ^  pound  per  ton  of  ore  crushed. 
The  pulp  from  the  mill  is  discharged  over  a  revolving  screen  with 
.05-inch  openings,  and  the  oversize  is  returned  by  a  bucket  elevator 
back  to  the  mill  feed  box.  The  ball  mill,  feeder  and  elevator  are 
driven  by  a  20  h.  p.  Doak  gas  engine  which  burns  distillate  for  fuel. 
The  engine  develops  21  h.  p.  at  this  elevation  (1500  ft.)  and  a  clutch 
pulley  on  the  ball  mill  pinion  shaft  enables  easy  starting  of  the  load. 

The  pulp  from  the  ball  mill  is  delivered  by  a  launder  to  a  two-com- 
partment launder  classifier,  from  which  the  coarse  and  fine  sands  go 
to  two  Overstrom  concentrating  tables  and  the  slimes  to  a  6-foot  Callow 
dewatering  cone.  The  thickened  slime  from  the  cone  is.  put  over  a 
Deister  slimer.  Two  products,  concentrates  and  middlings,  are  taken 
from  the  Overstrom  tables  and  tailings  are  run  to  waste.  Power  for 
the  concentrating  tables  and  also  for  a  1|"  centrifugal  pump,  for 
returning  clear  water,  is  derived  from  a  7  h.  p.  Hercules  gas  engine, 
using  distillate-  for  fuel. 

The  water  for  the  mill  is  pumped  from  San  Luisito  Creek  to  a  10,000- 
gal.  redwood  tank  by  a  4"  "Woodin  &  Little  triplex  plunger  pump, 
driven  by  a  6  h.p.  Orr  &  Sembower  gas  engine,  through  a  2"  pipe 
line  700'  long.  All  water  from  engine-cooling  systems,  and  clear 


34  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

water  from  the  dewatering  cone  and  settling  boxes,  is  collected  in  a 
sump  below  the  mill  and  returned  by  a  1|"  Woodin  &  Little  centrifugal 
pump  running  submerged,  to  a  3000-gal.  redwood  tank,  and  is  used  for 
ball  mill  feed  water.  The  consumption  of  water  is  about  3  tons  for 
each  ton  of  ore  ground. 

Union  Chrome  Co.     Plant  located  17  miles  northwest  of  San  Luis  Obispo. 

San  Francisco  office,  180  Sutter  St.  E.  L.  Raymond,  Secretary. 
Construction  was  begun  December  10,  1917.  Equipment  consists  of 
a  Chilean  type  ball  mill,  equipped  with  20-mesh  screens,  and  three 
Gates  concentrating  tables.  Ore  is  mined  in  open  cuts,  trammed  from 
pit  to  mill,  where  it  is  dumped  through  a  grizzly  into  the  ore  bin. 
Capacity  of  plant,  75  tons  in  24  hours.  Ore  as  mined  runs  from  19 
to  23%  chromic  oxide,  15  to  18  tons  of  concentrates,  averaging  48^% 
Cr203  and  2.9%  silica,  produced  daily.  Twenty-two  men  employed. 

SANTA  CRUZ. 
Seashore  Metals  Syndicate,  8  miles  north  of  Watsonville  (Manresa).     D.  M. 

Crist,  Mgr.     Office  address,  Watsonville,  Cal. 
Plant  visited  April  18,  1918. 

The  beach  sands  are  being  treated  in  a  magnetic  separation  plant 
with  a  capacity  of  125  tons  per  day.  A  daily  recovery  of  five  tons  of 
chrome  concentrates  is  being  made  which  will  averege  48%  chromic 
oxide  and  less  than  1%  silica.  Magnetite,  titanium,  gold  and  platinum 
are  also  being  recovered,  and  the  company  is  planning  to  build  a  1000- 
ton  plant  in  the  near  future. 

STANISLAUS. 
Chrome    Concentrating   Co.,  21    miles   west   of    Patterson.     F.    E.    Harrison, 

W.  R.  Stuck,  J.  T.  Carter,  owners;  main  address,  Patterson,  Cal.     San 

Francisco  address,  501  First  National  Bank  Bldg. 
Plant  visited  March  8,  1918. 

Plant  consists  of  one  12"  Blake  crusher  and  two  5-ft.  Huntington 
mills,  which  are  equipped  with  40-mesh  screens,  and  one  homemade 
hydraulic  classifier.  At  the  present  time  both  the  sands  and  slimes  are 
being  treated  on  Overstrom  concentrating  tables.  There  has  been  a 
considerable  slime  loss,  however,  and  an  immediate  change  is  proposed 
whereby  the  slimes  will  be  treated  in  a  Dorr  thickener,  and  then  on  a 
slime  table  of  some  description.  At  the  present  time  only  one  of  the 
above-mentioned  Huntington  mills  is  being  used,  and  when  driven  at 
a  speed  of  72  revolutions  per  minute  there  has  been  no  difficulty  in 
handling  one  ton  of  ore  per  hour.  Power  is  derived  from  a  35  h.  p. 
distillate  engine.  The  average  value  of  the  material  treated  is  from  15 
to  20%  chromic  oxide,  while  the  final  concentrate  is  held  at  close  to 
53%  Cr203.  Concentrates  are  sacked  at  the  mill  and  shipped  over  the 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  35 

narrow- gauge  line  of  the  Patterson  and  Western  Railway  to  Patterson. 
For  shipments  bound  to  the  East  material  is  then  reloaded  and  emptied 
out  of  the  sacks,  as  the  latter  cost  25^  each  when  bought  in  lots  of  a 
thousand. 

As  soon  as  the  new  slime  plant  is  installed  and  the  other  Huntington 
mill  placed  in  operation,  Mr.  Stuck  states  that  the  plant  will  be  in  a 
position  to  do  considerable  custom  work  in  addition  to  handling  the 
company 's  ores,  and  he  expects  to  be  able  to  mill  approximately  50  tons 
of  ore  per  day  for  an  indefinite  period,  as  the  mines  of  the  Mineral 
Products  Company  and  various  others  are  located  in  a  convenient 
distance  from  his  plant. 

Mr.  Stuck  was  among  the  first  to  attempt  chrome  concentration  in 
California.  He  carried  on  some  laboratory  experiments  in  Oakland 
early  in  1917,  and  started  actual  work  at  the  property  near  Patterson 
in  July,  1917,  which  led  up  to  the  present  mill. 

TEHAMA. 

Kleinsorge  Chrome  Co.,  30  miles  southwest  of  Red  Bluff. 
Data  obtained  Feb.   20,  1918. 

Concentrating  plant ;  construction  started  November,  1917,  not  yet 
completed.  "W.  E.  Kleinsorge,  owner,  Peoples  Savings  Bank  Bldg., 
Sacramento,  Cal.  Large  tonnage  of  low  grade  ore,  much  of  which 
occurs  in  magnesite  or  ' '  magnesium  clay. ' '  Plant  consists  of  ten  850-lb. 
stamps  and  two  Wilfley  tables.  Water  power  used.  Several  cars  of 
high  grade  chrome  have  already  been  shipped  from  this  property,  after 
being  trucked  to  Redding. 

METALLURGICAL  PLANTS. 

CONTRA  COSTA. 
Pacific  Electro   Metals   Co.,   Bay   Point.     (Beckman-Linden  Eng.   Corp.,   593 

Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.) 
Plant  visited  March  6,  1918. 

This  company  has  erected  a  9'x  15'  electric  furnace,  using  three  elec- 
trodes, each  17  inches  in  diameter,  requiring  from  1000  to  1500 
kilowatts  for  each  electrode.  The  plant  has  been  so  constructed  that 
additional  units  may  be  easily  added  as  they  are  required.  It  is  planned 
to  make  ferro-manganese  and  ferro-chrome  and  silico-manganese  at  this 
plant,  and  while  regular  production  has  not  yet  been  established,  several 
experimental  runs  have  been  made  in  which  ferro-chrome  of  the  highest 
quality  has  been  turned  out.  A  fairly  low  grade  of  both  manganese 
and  chromium  ores  will  be  satisfactory  for  this  work.  The  principal 
difficulties  met  with  to  date  have  been  in  obtaining  the  electrodes.  It 
appears  that  it  is  practically  impossible  to  have  them  shipped  from  the 
East,  and  the  company  has  been  bending  every  effort  to  perfect  the 


36  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

manufacture  of  these  electrodes  from  ordinary  lamp  black  which  is 
obtained  from  any  gas  plant.  Full  equipment  necessary  for  this  work 
has  been  installed,  and  according  to  the  smelter  superintendent  the 
furnace  itself  will  be  in  full  blast  at  an  early  date. 

NAPA. 

Sawyer  Tanning  Co.,  Napa,  Cal. 
Data  obtained  March  29,  1918. 

Manufacturers  of  bi-chromate  of  soda.  Used  in  tanning,  dyeing  and 
other  industries.  Plant  built  in  1916 ;  has  been  operated  about  H  years. 

SHASTA. 

Noble  Electric  Steel  Co.,  Heroult,  Cal.     San  Francisco  office,  995  Market  St. 
Electric  furnace.     Manufacturing  ferro-chrome  and  ferro-manganese. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  Bureau  is  informed  that  the  following 
parties  are  planning  to  erect  concentrating  plants  for  the  treatment 
of  low-grade  chrome  ores  at  an  early  date. 

BUTTE. 
A.  A.  Davis,  Oroville,  Cal. 

John  D.  Hubbard,  Lucky  John  Mine,  Paradise.     San  Francisco  address,  832 
Mills  Bldg. 

FRESNO. 

C.  E.  McBride,  Sanger,  Cal. 

L.  R.  Payne,  Associated  Warehouse  Co.,  Fresno,  Cal. 

C.  S.  Snow,  Academy,  Cal. 

SISKIYOU. 

Eugene  C.  Belknap,  Yreka,  Cal. 

CHROMITE  BUYERS  AND  CONSUMERS. 

In  the  effort  to  get  in  touch  with  consumers  similar  methods  were 
used  as  those  described  on  page  12  with  reference  to  manganese.  All 
firms  known  to  the  Mining  Bureau  were  communicated  with,  a  state- 
ment relative  to  the  Bureau's  aims  as  to  the  issuance  of  the  report  in 
hand  was  given,  and  information  asked  covering  the  requirements  of 
each  in  the  purchase  of  this  ore. 

Prompt  and  satisfactory  compliance  with  this  request  was  received 
almost  without  exception,  and  it  is  with  pleasure  that  the  hearty  coop- 
eration thus  received  is  hereby  acknowledged. 

Extracts  from  letters  received  follow,  which,  it  is  believed,  will  fur- 
nish an  authoritative  and  helpful  guide  to  producers  and  owners  of 
chromite  deposits  throughout  the  state. 


M  AXGAXESK    AXD    CHROMIUM.  37 

LETTERS  FROM  CHROME  BUYERS. 

[NOTE. — As  mentioned  in  the  chapter  on  managanese,  it  has  not  been  possible  to 
again  communicate  with  many  of  the  eastern  chromite  consumers,  and  the  date  of  the 
f9llowing  letters  must  be  borne  in  mind  in  connection  with  all  statements  made,  espe- 
cially as  regards  price.] 

American  Refractories  Company:  Joliet,  111.     April  26,  1918. 

(Samuel   H.   Dolbear,   Pacific  Coast  Representative,   Merchants  National  Bank  Bldg., 
San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

Responding  to  the  request  of  your  representative  today,  I  am  detail- 
ing herewith  some  changes  in  the  chromite  market  which  have  taken 
place  since  my  letter  of  July  31,  1917. 

Answering  the  same  questions  set  forth  in  your  letter  of  July  24, 
1917,  would  advise  as  follows : 

1.  The  ore  is  used  in  the  manufacture  of  fire  brick. 

'2.  \Ve  are  in  the  market  for  ore  containing  30%  or  more  Chromic 
Oxide.  Eight  per  cent  Silica  is  the  free  limit,  a  penalty  of  25^  per 
ton  being  usually  attached  for  each  one  per  cent  Silica  in  excess  of  8%, 
and  should  the  ore  carry  over  12%  Silica  it  may  be  rejected  at  the 
buyer's  option  unless  prior  arrangement  has  been  made  to  permit  a 
higher  Silica  content. 

3.  Xo  fixed  form  of  contract  is  required.     We  have  discontinued  our 
former  plan  of  paying  80%  against  shipping  documents  owing  to  the 
fact  that  under  present  freight  conditions  a  carload  of  ore  may  require 
three  or  four  months  for  delivery.     We  now  arrange  to  have  each  car 
sampled  as  it  is  being  loaded,  and  full  settlement  is  made  on  the  basis 
of  railroad  weights  and  analysis  at  point  of  shipment. 

4.  With  regard  to  the  amount  of  ore  required,  our  consumption  of 
Chrome  Ore  this  year  will  probably  be  limited  to  the  amounts  permitted 
by  the  War  Industries  Board.     I  understand  that  twelve  to  fifteen 
thousand  tons  has  been  allotted  for  refractory  use,  and  the  portion  of 
this  which  we  will  supply  is,  of  course,  problematical. 

Binney  &  Smith:  81  Fulton  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y.    July  30,  1917. 

Replying  to  yours  of  the  24th  inst.  regarding  Chromite,  the  chief 
use  we  have  for  the  material  in  question  is  in  the  manufacture  of  Chrome 
colors.  Ferro  Chromium  and  refractories.  We  need  about  500  tons  of 
ore  of  over  50%  Cr20a  and  under  3%  in  Silica  annually  while  the 
war  lasts.  We  can  take  all  the  chrome  we  can  get  38%  to  40%  Cr2O3. 

Electro  Metallurgical  Company:  42d  St.  Bldg.,  New  York,  N.  Y.    Aug.  9,  1917. 
(California  Chrome  Co.,  Pacific  Coast  Representatives,  Kohl  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.) 

(1)  Question:  Principal  use  to  which  we  put  the  material. 
Answer:  In  the  production  of  steel. 

(2)  Question :  Specifications  covering  tenor  of  ore  which  will  meet 
cur  requirements. 

Answer :  High  grade. 


38  CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

(3)  Question:  Form  of  contract  which  we  demand  of  the  producer. 
Answer :  No  particular  form. 

(4)  Question:  Approximate  amount  of  ore  we  expect  to  be  in  the 
market  for. 

Answer :  All  we  can  obtain  at  a  reasonable  price. 

[NOTE. — On  April  9,  1918,  the  California  Chrome  Company  placed  an  ad.  in  the 
San  Francisco  Examiner  which  contained  the  statement  that  they  "will  contract  for 
the  balance  of  this  year  for  chrome  ore  at  a  minimum  of  $1.25  per  unit  for  38%  chromic 
oxide  and  upward.  Premiums  will  be  paid  for  early  delivery.  Advances  will  be  made 
on  good  prospects  for  development  work.  Settlements  in  full  will  be  made  on  inde- 
pendent chemists'  sampling  and  analysis  on  receipt  of  bills  of  lading  and  weight 
certificate."] 

Foote  Mineral  Company:  107  N.  19th  St.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.    Aug.  3,  1917. 

1.  Principal  Uses :  Manufacture  of  Ferro-chrome  and  bichromate. 

2.  Specifications:  Chemical  ore    (for  manufacture  of  bichromate)  : 
Cr2O3  minimum  50%,  Silica  maximum  6%;  Metallurgical  Ore:  O2O3 
minimum  40%,  Silica  maximum  5%,  Sulphur  maximum  .5%,  Phos- 
phorus maximum  .2%. 

3.  Contracts.    The  ore  is  generally  purchased  on  the  basis  of  so  much 
per  unit  of  Cr203  present  per  net  ton.    For  example,  ore  quoted  at  80^ 
per  unit  on  the  basis  of  a  minimum  of  50%  Cr203,  would  be  worth 
$40.00  per  net  ton  f .  o.  b.  Eastern  points.    Payment  is  generally  made  on 
the  basis  of  80%  against  bill  of  lading  with  preliminary  certificate  of 
sampling  and  analysis  by  a  Western  chemist.     Final  payment  would 
be  made  on  the  basis  of  Booth,  Garrett  &  Blair's  or  Ledoux  &  Co.'s 
certificate  of  sampling  and  analysis  after  the  arrival  of  the  ore  in  the 
East. 

In  regard  to  the  fourth  question,  it  is  impossible  for  us  to  give  you 
any  exact  information,  as  our  requirements  vary  from  month  to  month. 

Goldschmidt  Thermit  Company:  New  York  City,  120  Broadway. 
Aug.  24,  1917. 

1.  The  principal  use  for  which  we  require  California  Chrome  Ore  is 
the  making  of  60%  Carbon-free  Ferro  Chromium. 

2.  We  prefer  the  ore  to  be  over  50%  Cr203,  less  than  1£  Si02  and 
only  trace  of  S  and  P  and  containing  no  injurious  metals. 

3.  The  contract  form  which  we  prefer  is  one  covering  all  possible 
points  between  buyer  and  seller,  such  as  specifications,  delivery,  quan- 
tities, etc.,  etc.,  and  we  prefer  to  pay  100%  on  the  dry  weight  after 
weighing,  sampling  and  analysis  by  third  and  independent  party  whose 
results  are  final. 

4.  We  would  probably  require  at  least  10  to  20  carloads  per  year. 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  39 

Harbison- Walker  Refractories  Company:  Farmers  Bank  Bldg.,  Pittsburg,  Pa. 

July  30,  1917. 

We  beg  to  reply  to  the  questions  in  your  letter  of  the  24th  inst.  as 
follows : 

1.  Principal  use :  Brick  making. 

2.  Specifications  :  Cr,03  not  under  40%. 

Si02  not  over  6%. 
Fe203  not  over  15%. 

3.  Form  of  contract:  80%  against  sight  draft  with  bill  of  lading 
and  certificate  of  analysis  attached ;  balance  on  determination  of  quality 
of  ore  after  arrival. 

4.  Amount  in  market  for :  Can  not  state.    Large  user. 

A.  D.  Mackay:  130  Pearl  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y.     March  19,  1918. 

I  am  open  for  offers  on  industrial  and  rare  minerals,  and  at  present 
am  especially  interested  in  obtaining  chromite  which  contains  50  per 
cent  Cr203.  Could  also  use  a  large  tonnage  of  40  per  cent  ore. 

Complete  analysis  desirable,  especially  as  regards  silica,  iron  and  mag- 
nesia content.  It  is  very  desirable  to  have  average  samples  of  every- 
thing offered,  together  with  data  as  to  tonnage  available,  dates  of  ship- 
ment, prices  f .  o.  b.  cars,  etc.  Samples  should  be  marked  plainly  for 
identification  inside  and  outside  of  package. 

Mutual  Chemical  Co.  of  America:  55  John  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y.     July  30,  1917. 

1.  The  use  to  which  we  put  Chrome  Ore  is  in  the  manufacture  of 
Bichromate  of  Potash  and  Bichromate  of  Soda. 

2.  All  we  use  should  analyze  a  minimum  of  48%  Chromic  Oxide  and 
maximum  of  6%  Silica. 

3.  The  form  of  contract  depends  upon  whether  it  is  a  buyer's  or 
seller's  market.     We  buy  as  well  as  we  can,  and  on  the  best  terms 
possible,  generally  delivered  at  our  works,  weighed  and  sampled  at 
time  of  discharging,  and  settlement  on  sampling  and  analysis  of  Messrs. 
Ledoux  &  Company's  laboratory. 

4.  We  believe  we  are  the  largest  concumers  of  Chrome  Ore  in  this 
country.    We  do  not  care  to  state  our  consumption. 

The  National  Electrolytic  Co.:  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.     Aug.  17,  1917. 

Referring  to  your  letter  of  July  24th,  which  has  been  overlooked,  we 
can  use  10,000  tons  Chrome  Ore  per  annum  in  the  manufacture  of 
Bichromates.  We  prefer  to  have  ore  testing,  about  50%  Cr203. 

Noble  Electric  Steel  Company:  995  Market  St.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
April  27,  1918. 

Our  specifications  are  as  follows : 

Chromic  Oxide  from  38%  up,  with  Silica  not  over  10%. 

As  we  are  operating  our  own  properties  for  Chrome  Ore,  we  are  not 
in  the  market  to  purchase  ore  but  will  consider  taking  over  productive 
properties,  or  good  prospects  upon  a  royalty  basis. 


40  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

Pacific  Electro  Metals  Company:  Balboa  Bldg.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

July  25,  1917. 

We  are  in  the  market  for  a  limited  amount  of  Chrome  Ore,  for  the 
purpose  of  manufacturing  Ferro  Chromium  from  the  same. 

As  to  specifications  of  ore  which  we  would  use,  beg  to  state  that  we 
would  insist  on  a  low  Silica  content  and  as  high  Metallic  Chromium 
content  as  possible. 

The  form  of  contract  which  we  would  demand  of  the  producer  would 
be  one  based  on  guaranteed  minimum  of  Metallic  Chromium  and  maxi- 
mum Silica.  We  would  most  likely  be  willing  to  pay  some  premium 
for  ores  better  than  the  quality  contracted  for.  Our  demands  would 
be  approximately  one  hundred  tons  of  ore  per  month. 

St.  Louis  Refractories  Company:  Title  Guaranty  Bldg.,  St.  Louis,  Mo. 
Aug.  4,  1917. 

Replying  to  your  recent  favor,  relative  to  Chrome,  will  state  that  we 
intend  to  make  some  Chrome  Brick,  but  have  not  an  opening  for  it  in 
our  plant  just  at  present,  but  we  do  handle  Chrome  Ore,  and  are  in  the 
market  for  about  1,000  tons  of  34%  to  40%. 

The  Sawyer  Tanning  Company:  Napa,  Cal.     July  28,  1917. 
Replying  to  your  questions : 

(1)  All   Chromite  purchased  by  us   is  used  in  the  production  of 
Bichromate  of  Soda  in  our  factory  at  Napa. 

(2)  We  can  use  Chromite  only  when  containing  47%  or  more  of 
Chromic  Oxide  and  not  over  8%  of  Silica. 

(3)  We  have  no  particular  form  of  contract  with  the  producers. 

(4)  We  expect  to  be  in  the  market  for  2,000  tons  of  ore  yearly. 

The  Sherwin-Williams  Co.:  601  Canal  Road,  N.W.,  Cleveland,  Ohio. 
March  12,  1918. 

Our  requirements  are  such  that  the  most  satisfactory  grade  of  ore 
for  our  use  is  from  45%  to  50%  with  not  more  than  5%  Silica.  We 
convert  the  ore  into  Bichromate  of  Soda. 

Price  determines  the  quantity  we  can  use;  under  the  circumstances, 
it  would  be  difficult  to  name  any  exact  tonnage  in  which  we  would  be 
interested,  but  we  estimate  it  would  be  in  the  neighborhood  of  500  or 
600  tons  a  year,  possibly  1000  tons. 


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM.  41 

PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU. 

Publications  of  this  Bureau  upon  which  a  price  has  been  affixed  will  be  sent  on 
receipt  of  the  requisite  amount.  Others  will  be  mailed  upon  request  until  the  edition 
is  exhausted.  Only  stamps,  coin  or  money  orders  will  be  accepted  in  payment. 

Money  orders  should  be  made  payable  to  the  STATE  MINING  BUREAU. 

Personal  checks  will  not  be  accepted. 

REPORTS. 

Asterisk  (•)   indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print. 
•Report          I.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1880. 
•Report        II.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1882. 
•Report      III.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1883. 
•Report       IV.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1884. 
•Report        V.     Henry  G.   Hanks.     1885. 
•Report      VI.     Part  1.     Henry  G.  Hanks.      1886. 
•Report       VI.     Part  2.     Wm.  Irelan,   Jr.      1886. 
•Report     VII.     Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.      1887. 
•Report  VIII.     Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.     1888. 
•Report      IX.     Wm.   Irelan,  Jr.      1889. 
•Report        X.     Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.      1890.  Price. 

Report      XL     Wm.   Irelan,  Jr.     1892.      (First  biennial) _   SI  00 

•Report     XII.     J.  J.  Crawford.      1894.      (Second  biennial) 

•Report  XIII.     J.  J.  Crawford.      1896.      (Third  biennial) _ 

Chapters    of    State    Mineralogist's    Report,    Biennial    period,    1913-1914,    Fletcher 

Hamilton: 
Mines  and  Mineral  Resources  of  Imperial  and  San  Diego  Counties — F.  J.  H. 

Merrill.      1914 .35 

Mines  and  Mineral   Resources,   Amador,   Calaveras  and  Tuolumne   Counties — 

W.  B.  Tucker.      1915 .50 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,    Colusa,    Glenn,    Lake,    Marin,    Napa,    Solano, 

Sonoma  and  Yolo  Counties — Walter  W.  Bradley.     1915 .50 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,   Del  Norte,  Humboldt  and  Mendocino  Counties 

— F.    L.    Lowell.      1915 .25 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,  Fresno,  Kern.  Kings,  Madera,  Mariposa,  Merced, 
San   Joaquin   and    Stanislaus   Counties — Walter   W.    Bradley,    G.    C.    Brown, 

F.  L.  Lowell  and  R.  P.  McLaughlin.     1915 .50 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,   SJiasta,   Siskiyou  and  Trinity   Counties — G.   C 

Brown.      1915    ____       .50 

Report  XIV.     Fletcher  Hamilton,  1915,  Biennial  period,  1913-1914.      (The  above 

county  chapters  combined  in  a  single  volume) 2.00 

Chapters   of    State   Mineralogist's   Report,    Biennial   Period,    1915-1916,    Fletcher 

Hamilton  : 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,  Alpine,  Inyo  and  Mono  Counties,  with  geological 
map — Arthur    S.    Eakle,    Emile    Huguenin,    R.    P.    McLaughlin,    Clarence   A. 

Waring.      1917    1.25 

Mines    and    Mineral    Resources,    Butte,    Lassen,    Modoc,    Sutter    and    Tehama 

Counties — W.   Burling  Tucker,   Clarence  A.  Waring.      1917 

Mines    and    Mineral    Resources,    El    Dorado,    Placer,    Sacramento    and    Yuba 

Counties — W.   Burling  Tucker,  Clarence  A.  Waring.      1917 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,  Los  Angeles,  Orange  and  Riverside  Counties — 

Frederick   J.    H.   Merrill.      1917 

Mines  and  Mineral  Resources,  Monterey,   San  Benito,  San  Luis  Obispp,  Santa 
Barbara  and  Ventura  Counties — Walter  W.  Bradley,  Emile  Huguenin,  C.  A. 

Logan,  Clarence  A.  Waring.     1917 .65 

Mines   and   Mineral   Resources,    San   Bernardino   and   Tulare   Counties— H.    C. 

Cloudman,  Emile  Huguenin,  F.  J.  H.  Merrill,  W.  Burling  Tucker.      1917 .65 

BULLETINS. 

•Bulletin     1.     Desiccated  Human  Remains. — Winslow  Anderson.     1888 

•Bulletin     2.     Methods  of  Mine   Timbering.— W.   H.   Storms.     1894 

•Bulletin     3.     Gas  and  Petroleum  Yielding  Formations  of  the  Central  Valley  of 

California.— W.  L.   Watts.     1894 

•Bulletin     4.     Catalogue    of    California    Fossils    (Parts   2,    3,    4    and    5). — J.    G.    

Cooper.     1894 

•Bulletin     5.     The  Cyanide  Process:   Its  Practical  Application  and  Economical    

Results.— A.   Scheidel.      1894 

Bulletin     6.     California  Gold  Mill   Practices. — E.   B.   Preston.     1895 $0.50 

•Bulletin     7.     Mineral    Production    of   California,    by   Counties,    1894.— Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin     8.     Mineral   Production   of   California,   by   Counties,    1895. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin     9.     Mine  Drainage,  Pumps,  etc. — Hans  C.  Behr.     1896 

•Bulletin  10.     A    Bibliography    Relating    to    the    Geology,     Palaeontology,    and 

Mineral  Resources  of  California.— A.  W.  Vogdes.     18961 


Mi  . 

•Bulletin   11.     Oil   and  Gas   Yielding   Formations   of   Los  Angeles,   Ventura  and 

Santa  Barbara  Counties. — W.  L.  Watts.     1896 

•Bulletin   12.     Mineral  Production   of   California,   by   Counties,    1896. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  13.     Mineral  Production   of   California,   by   Counties,    1897. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated  sheet) 


42 


CALIFORNIA   STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 


PUBLICATIONS    OF    THE    CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING    BUREAU— Continued. 

Asterisk  (*)  Indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print.  Price. 

•Bulletin  14.     Mineral   Production  of  California,   by   Counties,    1898. — Chas.   G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated  sheet) 

Bulletin  15.     Map  of  Oil  City  Oil  Fields,  Fresno  County. — J.  H.  Means 

•Bulletin  16.     The   Genesis   of   Petroleum  and   Asphaltum   in   California. — A.   S. 

Cooper.     1899 

•Bulletin  17.     Mineral   Production    of   California,   by   Counties,    1899. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated  sheet) : 

•Bulletin  18.     The  Mother  Lode  Region  of  California. — W.  H.  Storms,  1900 

•Bulletin  19.     Oil   and  Gas   Yielding   Formations   of   California. — W.    L.   Watts. 

1900 

•Bulletin  20.     Synopsis    of    General    Report    of    State    Mining    Bureau. — W.    L. 

Watts.     1900 

•Bulletin  21.     Mineral   Production   of   California,   by   Counties,    1900. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  22.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Fourteen  Years. — Chas.   G. 

Yale.      1900.      (Tabulated    sheet)     

Bulletin.         Reconnaissance  of  the  Colorado  Desert  Mining  District. — Stephen 

Bowers.     1901 

Bulletin  23.     The  Copper  Resources  of  California. — P.  C.  DuBois,  F.  M.  Ander- 
son, J.  H.  Tibbits,  and  G.  A.  Tweedy.     1902 $0.50 

•Bulletin  24.     The  Saline  Deposits  of  California. — G.   E.   Bailey.     1902 

•Bulletin  25.     Mineral   Production   of   California,   by   Counties,    1901. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  26.     Mineral    Production    of    California   for    Fifteen    Years. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.     1901.     (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  27.     The   Quicksilver   Resources   of   California. — Wm.    Forstner.     1903    

•Bulletin  28.     Mineral   Production   of   California,   by   Counties,    1902. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  29.     Mineral    Production   of   California   for    Sixteen    Years. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.     1902.     (Tabulated  sheet) 

••Bulletin  30.     A  Bibliography  of  Geology,  Palaeontology,  and  Mineral  Resources 

of  California. — A.  W.  Vogdes.     1903 

•Bulletin  31.     Chemical  Analyses  of  California  Petroleum. — H.  N.  Cooper.     1903. 

(Tabulated  sheet)   

Bulletin  32.     Production  and  Use  of  Petroleum  in  California. — P.  W.  Prutzman. 

1904 .25 

••Bulletin  33.     Mineral   Production    of   California,    by   Counties,    1903. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    _ 

•Bulletin  34.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Seventeen  Years. — Chas.  G. 

Yale.     1903.     (Tabulated  sheet) 

-Bulletin  35.     Mines  and  Minerals  of  California  for  1903. — Chas.  G.  Yale.     1904. 

(Statistical)    

•Bulletin  36.     Gold  Dredging  in  California. — J.  E.  Doolittle.     1905 

Bulletin  37.     Gems,  Jewelers'  Materials,  and  Ornamental  Stones  of  California. 
— George  F.  Kunz.      1905: 

First  edition   (without  colored  plates) .25 

•Second  edition    (with  colored  plates) 

•Bulletin  38.     The    Structural    and    Industrial    Materials    of    California. — Wm. 

Forstner,   T.   C.    Hopkins,    C.   Naramore,   L.    H.    Eddy.     1906 —    

•Bulletin  39.     Mineral   Production   of   California,    by   Counties,    1904. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  40.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Eighteen  Years. — Chas.   G. 

Yale.      1904.      (Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  41.     Mines    and    Minerals    of    California,     for    1904 — Chas.     G.     Yale 

(Statistical)    

•Bulletin   42.     Mineral    Production    of   California,    by   Counties,    1905. — Chas.   G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  43.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Nineteen   Years. — Chas.   G. 

Y?le.      1905.      (Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  44.     Mines    and    Minerals    of    California,    for    1905. — Chas.    G.    Yale. 

(Statistical)    

•Bulletin  45.     Auriferous  Black  Sands  of  California. — J.  A.  Edman.     1907 

Bulletin  46.     General  Index  to  Publications  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau. — Com- 
piled by  Chas.  G.  Yale.     1907 .30 

•Bulletin  47.     Mineral   Production    of   California,    by   Counties,    1906. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  48.     Mineral    Production    of    California   for   Twenty   Years. — Chas.    G. 

Yale.      1906.      (Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  49.     Mines    and    Minerals    of    California,    for    1906. — Chas.    G.    Yale. 

(Statistical)    

Bulletin  50.     The   Copper   Resources   of   California. — A.    Hausmann,   J.    Krutt- 

schnitt,  Jr.,  W.   E.   Thome,  J.   A.   Edman.     1908 1.00 

•Bulletin  51.     Mineral    Production    of    California,    by    Counties,    1907. — D.    H. 

Walker.      (Tabulated    sheet)     

•Bulletin  52.     Mineral   Production  of  California  for  Twenty-one  Years. — D.   H. 

Walker.      1907.      (Tabulated    sheet) 

•Bulletin  53.     Mineral   Production   of  California  for   1907,   with   County   Maps— 

D.     H.    Walker.     1908.      (Statistical) 

•Bulletin  54.     Mineral    Production    of    California,    by    Counties,    1908. — D.    H. 

Walker.      (Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  55.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Twenty-two  Years. — D.  H. 

Walker.     1908.      (Tabulated    sheet)    


MANGANESE   AND    CHROMIUM. 


43 


PUBLICATIONS    OF    THE    CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING    BUREAU— Continued. 
Asterisk  (*)  indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print.  Price. 

*Bulletin  56.     Mineral    Production    for    1908,    County    Maps,    and    Mining   Laws 

of  California. — D.   H.   Walker.      1909.      (Statistical) 

•Bulletin  57.     Gold    Dredging    in    California. — W.    B.    Winston,    Charles    Janin. 

1910 

•Bulletin  58.     Mineral    Production    of    California,    by    Counties,     1909. — D.    H. 

Walker.      (Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  59.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Twenty-three  Years. — D.  H. 

Walker.      1909.      (Tabulated  sheet)    

•Bulletin  60.     Mineral    Production    for    1909,    County   Maps,    and    Mining   Laws 

of  California. — D.H.Walker.     1910.     (Statistical) 

•Bulletin  61.     Mineral   Production   of   California,    by   Counties,   for   1910. — D.    H. 

Walker.      (Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  62.     Mineral   Production  of  California  for  Twenty-four  Years. — D.   H. 

Walker.      1910.      (Tabulated    sheet)    

Bulletin   63.      Petroleum   in    Southern   California. — P.   W.    Prutzman.      1912 $0.75 

Bulletin   64.     Mineral   Production  for   1911. — E.   S.   Boalich,    1912 

Bulletin  65.     Mineral   Production   for   1912.— E.    S.    Boalich,   1913 

•Bulletin   66.     Mining  Laws,  United   States  and   California,   1914 

Bulletin   67.     Minerals  of  California. — A.   S.  Eakle.     1914 1.00 

Bulletin   68.     Mineral   Production  for   1913. — E.    S.   Boalich.      1914 

Bulletin   69.     Petroleum  Industry  of  California,  with  Folio  of  Maps  (18x22  in.) 

— R.   P.  McLaughlin  and  C.  A.  Waring,   1914 2.00 

•Bulletin  70.     Mineral    Production    for    1914.    with    Mining   Law    Appendix.     1915    

•Bulletin  71.     California  Mineral  Production  for  1915,  with  Mining  Law  Appen- 
dix and  Maps. — Walter  W.  Bradley,  1916 

Bulletin   72.      Geologic  Formations  of  California .25 

•Bulletin  73.     First  Annual  Report  of  State  Oil  and  Gas  Supervisor 

Bulletin  74.     Mineral  Production  of  California,   1916. — Walter  W.  Bradley 

Bulletin  75.     U.   S.  and  California  Mining  Laws 

Bulletin   76.     Manganese  and   Chromium   in   California    (in  preparation) 

Bulletin  77.     Catalogue    of    Publications    of    California    State    Mining    Bureau. 

— E.  S.  Boalich 

Bulletin  78.     Quicksilver  Resources  of  California.      (In  preparation) 

Bulletin  79.     Magnesite  in  California.      (In  press) 

Bulletin  80.     Tungsten,   Molybdenum  and  Vanadium  in  California.      (In  prep- 
aration)        

Bulletin  81.     Foothill  Copper  Belt  of  California.      (In  preparation) 

Bulletin  82.     Second  Annual  Report  of  the  Oil  and  Gas  Supervisor,  for  the  fiscal 

year  1916-1917.      (In  press) 

Preliminary    Reports. 

•Preliminary  Report  No.   1.     Notes    on    Damage    by    Water    in    California    Oil 

Fields. — R.   P.    McLaughlin —    

•Preliminary  Report  No.   2.      (Continuation   of   No.    1) 

*Preliminary  Report  No.   3.     Manganese      and      Chromium.  —  E.      S.      Boalich. 

(Second  edition)    

Preliminary  Report  No.   4.     Tungsten,  Molybdenum  and  Vanadium.    (In  press)     

Registers    of    Mines   with    Maps. 

Amador   County $.25 

Butte    County    .25 

•Calaveras    County    

•El  Dorado  County 

•Inyo   County   

•Kern  County 

Lake  County .25 

Mariposa  County .25 

•Nevada    County    

•Placer  County _ 

•Plumas    County    

•San  Bernardino  County 

•San  Diego  County 

Santa  Barbara  County .25 

•Shasta   County    

•Sierra  County 

•Siskiyou  County 

•Trinity  County 

•Tuolumne  County 

Yuba    County    .25 

Register  of  Oil  Wells   (with  map),  Los  Angeles  City .35 

OTHER   MAPS. 

California,  Showing  Mineral  Deposits  (50x60  in.)  — 

Mounted    $1.50 

Forest   Reserves  in   California — 

Mounted    .50 

Unmounted    .30 

•Mineral  and  Relief  Map  of  California 

El  Dorado  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Madera  County,   Showing  Boundaries  of  National   Forests .20 

Placer  County,   Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 


44  CALIFORNIA    STATE    MINING   BUREAU. 

PUBLICATIONS    OF    THE    CALIFORNIA    STATE     MINING     BUREAU — Continued. 
Asterisk  (*)  indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print.  Price. 

Shasta  County,   Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Sierra  County,   Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Siskiyou   County,   Showing  Boundaries   of  National   Forests .20 

Trinity  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .45 

Tuolumne  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

•Mother  Lode  Region 

Desert  Region  of  Southern   California .10 

Minaret    District,    Madera    County    .20 

Copper  Deposits  in  California .05 

Calaveras    County    .25 

Plumas    County    .25 

Tuolumne  County .25 

Geological  Map  of  California  (mounted) — 50x60  inches 2.50 

DETERMINATION   OF   MINERAL  SAMPLES. 

Samples  (limited  to  three  at  one  time)  of  any  mineral  found  in  the  state  may  be 
sent  to  the  Bureau  for  identification,  and  the  same  will  be  classified  free  of  charge. 
No  samples  will  be  determined  if  received  from  points  outside  the  state.  It  must  be 
understood  that  no  assays,  or  quantitative  determinations  will  be  made.  Samples 
should  be  in  lump  form  if  possible,  and  marked  plainly  with  name  of  sender  on  out- 
side of  package,  etc.  No  samples  will  be  received  unless  delivery  charges  are  prepaid. 
A  letter  should  accompany  sample,  giving  locality  where  mineral  was  found  and  the 
nature  of  the  information  desired. 


INDEX. 


PAGE 

Appendix    41 

Braunite   ., 7 

Buyers, 

Chromium    37-40 

Manganese _  13—20 

U.   S.  Geol.  Survey  List 20 

Carbonates   of  manganese 8 

Castro  Mill,  flow  sheet  of 32 

Chromic  iron 23 

Chromite 23 

Chromium     23 

Buyers  and  consumers,  letters  from 37-40 

Concentration    of    29 

Deposits 24 

Freight    rates    24 

Occurrence 23 

Ores 23 

Owners  and  operators  in  California 24 

Prices 23,  38 

Specifications    23,  37-40 

Tests  for 23 

Uses 23 

Concentration  of 

Chrome    29,  35 

Manganese   12 

Contracts  demanded  of  producers  of 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese 13-20 

Consumers,  letters  from 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese 13—20 

Deposits  of 

Chromium 24 

Manganese    10 

Determination  of  mineral  samples 44 

Ferro-manganese     8,   9,  12,  20 

Flow  sheet  of  Castro  Mill,  California  Chrome  Co.,  San  Luis  Obispo 32 

Form  of  contracts  demanded  of  producers  of 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese 13-20 

Freight  rates  on 

Chrome 24 

Manganese • 9 

Illustrations 

Placer  Chrome  Concentrating  Co.,  Rattlesnake  Bar,  El  Dorado  County 30 

Flow  sheet  of  Castro  Mill,  California  Chrome  Co.,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Cal 32 

Iron,  per  cent  in  manganese  ores 9,  13-20 

Letter  to  consumers  of  manganese  and  chromium 12 

Letters  from 

Chrome  buyers 37—40 

Manganese  buyers 13-20 

List  of  publications  of  State  Mining  Bureau 41 

Manganese    7 

Buyers,  letters  from . 13-20 

U.  S.  Geol.  Survey  list  of  purchasers 

Carbonates  of 12 

Concentration  of  ores 12 

Consumers,    letters   from 13-20 

Deposits 10 

Occurrence    

Ores 7 

Oxides 

Owners  and  operators  in  California 10 

Per  cent  in   ores 9,  13-20 

Prices 9 

Silicates    7,      8 

Specifications   9,  13-20 

Tests  for 

Uses 8 

Manganite 7 

Market  for 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese 9,  13-20 

Metallurgical  plants 

Chrome 

Manganese 12 

Mill  of  Placer  Chrome  Concentrating  Co.,  Rattlesnake  Bar,  El  Dorado  County, 

illustration  of 

Mineral  samples,  determination  of 44 

Occurrence  of 

Chrome    23 

Manganese 


46  INDEX. 

Ores  of  PAQI 

Chrome    23 

Manganese    7 

Oxides  of 

Chrome    23 

Manganese    7 

Owners  and  operators  of  chrome  deposits  in  California 24 

Manganese 12 

Penalties  on  manganese  ores   (see  letters  from  consumers) 13-20 

Percentage  in  manganese  ores  of : 

Cobalt    9 

Copper  9 

Iron __  9  13-20 


Manganese 9 

Nickel 


13-20 
9 

Phosphorus 9  13-20 

Silica    9  13-20 

Phosphorus  per  cent  in  manganese  ores _ 9  13-20 

Placer    Chrome    Concentrating    Company's    Mill,    Rattlesnake    Bar,    El    Dorado 

County,  illustration  of 30 

Prices  of 

Chrome . 23,  38 

Manganese 9 

(Also  see  letters  from  consumers  of 

Chrome 37—40 

Manganese) 13-20 

Producers  of 

Chromium 24 

Manganese    10 

Properties  of 

Chromite    23 

Manganese   and   ores 7 

Psilomelane    7 

Publications  of  State  Mining  Bureau 41 

Purchasers  of 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese 13-20 

Pyrolusite    7 

Quotations  on 

Chrome    23 

Manganese 9,  13-20 

Rhodochrosite 8 

Rhodonite   8 

Royalties  on 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese - 13-20 

(See  letters  from  consumers) 

Samples,  determination  of 44 

Silica  per  cent  in 

Chrome 37-40 

Manganese 9,  13-20 

Silicates   of   manganese 7,     8 

Specifications  of 

Chrome   23,  37-40 

Manganese 9,  13-20 

Tests  for 

Chromium    23 

Manganese 7 

Uses  of 

Chrome    - 23 

Manganese 

U.  S.  Geol.  Survey  list  of  manganese  purchasers 20 

ValUCh°rome  ._           23.  38 

Manganese 9.  13-20 

Wad    - 8 


flora  • 


_PAMPHLET  Bl! 
ZZ  Syracuse, 
IS  Sloekfon.  Calif, 


UC  SOUTHERN 


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..  c.ences  Library 

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